Abstract: It is important to consider adding drag reducer for the transportation technology when making an optimization design project of crude oil pipeline. Two mathematic models for describing the relationship of hydraulic pressure gradient and drag reducer concentration with the flow rate and viscosity of crude oil and the diameter of pipeline were established. The regression parameters of the two models were obtained from the two models by genetic arithmetic (GA) optimizing technology. The two models were inspected with the actual examples. The biggest error is 2.9750 percent. On the basis of those two models, the mathematic models for optimizing designs of crude oil pipeline with and without drag reducer were proposed and solved by combining the genetic arithmetic algorithm with discrete variables, multiple forms of mixed discrete variables and database technology. This method can guarantee the reliability and veracity of the optimized solutions and also speed up the search for the optimized solutions. The solution process of the mathematic models for optimization design of crude oil pipeline is given. The example of calculation shows that the effect of the prices of drag reducer, electricity and fuel on the annual converted costs and the operating management costs must be considered when making optimization design adopting transporting plans with drag reducer. The optimum project of the calculated example is that the optimizing design considering the transportation technology without drag reducer at the average flow rate of oil is made firstly. When the flow of crude oil rate exceeds the average value, the optimizing operation using the transportation technology with drag reducer should be considered.

Key words: crude oil long-distance transmission pipeline, drag reducer, optimization design, mathematic model, algorithm

摘要： 研究了原油管道优化设计中考虑加减阻剂输送工艺时数学模型的建立及求解.首先建立了加减阻剂后水力坡降和减阻剂浓度与原油流量、粘度及管径关系的两个数学模型.用遗传算法优化技术分别求得两个模型中的回归参数,实例检验其最大误差仅为2.9750%.以此模型为基础,建立了加减阻剂与不加减阻剂时原油管道优化设计数学模型,采用混合离散变量遗传算法,混合离散变量复合形法与数据库技术相结合的策略来求解模型.这样既保证了最优解的可靠性、准确性,又加快了寻优速度.给出了原油管道优化设计数学模型的求解流程.算例表明,采用加减阻剂输送方案进行优化设计时,必须考虑减阻剂、电力、燃料价格对年折合费用、运行管理费用的影响.该算例的最优方案是:先按平均流量下不加剂进行优化设计;运行输量超过平均输量时,采用加剂输送工艺进行优化运行.

关键词: 长输原油管道, 减阻剂, 优化设计, 数学模型, 算法