Physical simulation experiment and numerical inversion of the full life cycle of shale gas well

doi:10.7623/syxb201804007

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 435-444.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201804007

• Oil Field Development • Previous Articles Next Articles

Physical simulation experiment and numerical inversion of the full life cycle of shale gas well

Gao Shusheng^1,2, Liu Huaxun^1,2, Ye Liyou^1,2, Hu Zhiming^1,2, An Weiguo²

1. CNPC Science and Technology Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Institute of Porous Flow and Fluid Mechanics, PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Hebei Langfang 065007, China

Received:2017-05-23 Revised:2017-10-30 Online:2018-04-25 Published:2018-05-03

页岩气井全生命周期物理模拟实验及数值反演

高树生^1,2, 刘华勋^1,2, 叶礼友^1,2, 胡志明^1,2, 安为国²

1. 中国石油集团科学技术研究院北京 100083;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院渗流流体力学研究所河北廊坊 065007

通讯作者: 刘华勋,男,1985年9月生,2007年获中国石油大学(北京)学士学位,2010年获中国科学院研究生院硕士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事油气藏渗流规律与气藏工程理论研究工作。Email:liuhuaxun@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:高树生,男,1969年3月生,1993年获大庆石油学院学士学位,2012年获中国地质大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事油气田开发研究工作。Email:gaoshusheng69@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05062、2017ZX05037-001）资助。

Abstract

Abstract:

Because of ultra-low porosity and permeability as well as complex occurrence and transport state, shale reservoirs have the special production characteristic shown as a L-shaped curve and complicated flow mechanism of shale gas. A full-diameter core physical simulation experiment is conducted on the full lifecycle production process of the depletion-mode development of shale gas well, thus obtaining many important simulated production data including complete pressure and daily gas output in the production process of shale gas well, which has solved the difficulty to collect complete production data resulting from short production time and operation discontinuity. The well development simulation experiment shows the production characteristic consistent with shale gas well. Based on the simulation experiment data, the core critical desorption pressure (12 MPa), free gas volume (3 820.8 mL), adsorbed gas volume (2 152.2 mL), the proportion between free gas and absorption gas of the daily gas output under different time and stratum pressure can be determined accurately as well as the production time and final recovery degree corresponding to abandoned pressure. Using the dimensionless time similarity between core and shale gas well as well as the well testing and the similarity theory, numerical inversion is carried out to calculate the dynamic production curve of shale gas well, predict the development effect of gas well. Meanwhile, permeability and fracturing effect (fracture network density) is proposed as the key for effective development of shale gas reservoirs, and permeability is the fundamental factor and fracturing technology is the method.

Key words: shale gas well, full lifecycle, physical simulation experiment, numerical inversion, similarity theory, permeability, fracturing effect

摘要：

页岩储层极低的孔隙度、渗透率和复杂的赋存、输运状态导致其特有的L型生产特征曲线，而且页岩气流动机理复杂。对页岩气井衰竭开发全生命周期生产过程进行了全直径岩心物理模拟实验，获取了模拟页岩气井生产过程完整的压力、日产气量等重要的生产数据，解决了页岩气井生产时间短以及作业引起的间断性等问题导致难以获取完整生产数据的问题。开发模拟实验研究结果表明，模拟实验生产特征与气井相一致；利用模拟实验数据可以准确判断岩心的临界解吸压力（12 MPa）、游离气量（3 820.8 mL）与吸附气量（2 152.2 mL）以及不同时间、地层压力时对应的日产气量中游离气与吸附气比例，废弃压力对应的生产时间和最终采出程度。运用岩心与气井无因次时间的相似性以及试井与相似理论，开展了数值反演计算页岩气井的生产动态曲线，预测气井的开发效果，提出了渗透率与压裂效果（缝网密度）是页岩气藏有效开发的关键，其中渗透率是根本，压裂技术是手段。

关键词: 页岩气井, 全生命周期, 物理模拟实验, 数值反演, 相似理论, 渗透率, 压裂效果

CLC Number:

TE349

Gao Shusheng, Liu Huaxun, Ye Liyou, Hu Zhiming, An Weiguo. Physical simulation experiment and numerical inversion of the full life cycle of shale gas well[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(4): 435-444.

高树生, 刘华勋, 叶礼友, 胡志明, 安为国. 页岩气井全生命周期物理模拟实验及数值反演[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(4): 435-444.

References

[1] 吴奇,胥云,王腾飞,等.增产改造理念的重大变革——体积改造技术概论[J].天然气工业,2011,31(4):7-12.
WU Qi,XU Yun,WANG Tengfei,et al.The revolution of reservoir stimulation:an introduction of volume fracturing[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(4):7-12.
[2] 武瑾,梁峰,吝文,等.渝东北地区巫溪2井五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气储层及含气性特征[J].石油学报,2017,38(5):512-524.
WU Jin,LIANG Feng,LIN Wen,et al.Reservoirs characteristics and gas-bearing capacity of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation shale in well WX-2,northeast Chongqing area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(5):512-524.
[3] 董大忠,王玉满,李新景,等.中国页岩气勘探开发新突破及发展前景思考[J].天然气工业,2016,36(1):19-32.
DONG Dazhong,WANG Yuman,LI Xinjing,et al.Breakthrough and prospect of shale gas exploration and development in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(1):19-32.
[4] 纪文明,宋岩,姜振学,等.四川盆地东南部龙马溪组页岩微-纳米孔隙结构特征及控制因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(2):182-195.
JI Wenming,SONG Yan,JIANG Zhenxue,et al.Micro-nano pore structure characteristics and its control factors of shale in Longmaxi Formation,southeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(2):182-195.
[5] 苏玉亮,盛广龙,王文东,等.页岩气藏多重介质耦合流动模型[J].天然气工业,2016,36(2):52-59.
SU Yuliang,SHENG Guanglong,WANG Wendong,et al.A multi-media coupling flow model for shale gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(2):52-59.
[6] 温庆志,高金剑,李杨,等.页岩储层SRV影响因素分析[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2014,29(6):58-64.
WEN Qingzhi,GAO Jinjian,LI Yang,et al.Analysis of the factors of influencing stimulated volume of shale reservoir volume fracturing[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2014,29(6):58-64.
[7] CARLSON E S,MERCER J C.Devonian shale gas production:mechanisms and simple models[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1991,43(4):476-482.
[8] CARLSON E S.Characterization of Devonian shale gas reservoirs using coordinated single well analytical models[R].SPE 29199,1994.
[9] 纪文明,宋岩,姜振学,等.四川盆地东南部龙马溪组页岩微-纳米孔隙结构特征及控制因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(2):182-195.
JI Wenming,SONG Yan,JIANG Zhenxue,et al.Micro-nano pore structure characteristics and its control factors of shale in Longmaxi Formation,southeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(2):182-195.
[10] JAVADPOUR F.Nanopores and apparent permeability of gas flow in mudrocks (shales and siltstone)[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, 2009,48(8):16-21.
[11] JAVADPOUR F,FISHER D,UNSWORTH M.Nanoscale gas flow in shale gas sediments[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, 2007,46(10):55-61.
[12] SCHEPERS K C,GONZALEZ R J,KOPERNA G J,et al.Reservoir modeling in support of shale gas exploration[R].SPE 123057,2009.
[13] CIVAN F,RAI C S,SONDERGELD C H.Shale-gas permeability and diffusivity inferred by improved formulation of relevant retention and transport mechanisms[J].Transport in Porous Media,2011,86(3):925-944.
[14] SWAMI V,SETTARI A.A pore scale gas flow model for shale gas reservoir[R].SPE 155756,2012.
[15] SWAMI V,SETTARI A,JAVADPOUR F.A numerical model for multi-mechanism flow in shale gas reservoirs with application to laboratory scale testing[R].SPE 164840,2013.
[16] ALHARTHY N S,AL KOBAISI M,KAZEMI H,et al.Physics and modeling of gas flow in shale reservoirs[R].SPE 161893,2012.
[17] 段永刚,魏明强,李建秋,等.页岩气藏渗流机理及压裂井产能评价[J].重庆大学学报,2011,34(4):62-66.
DUAN Yonggang,WEI Mingqiang,LI Jianqiu,et al.Shale gas seepage mechanism and fractured wells' production evaluation[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2011,34(4):62-66.
[18] 李治平,李智锋.页岩气纳米级孔隙渗流动态特征[J].天然气工业,2012,32(4):50-53.
LI Zhiping,LI Zhifeng.Dynamic characteristics of shale gas flow in nanoscale pores[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(4):50-53.
[19] 王玉普,左罗,胡志明,等.页岩高温高压吸附实验及吸附模型[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,46(11):4129-4135.
WANG Yupu,ZUO Luo,HU Zhiming,et al.Experiment of supercritical methane adsorption on shale and adsorption modelling[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2015,46(11):4129-4135.
[20] 郭小哲,王晶,刘学锋.页岩气储层压裂水平井气-水两相渗流模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(9):1165-1170.
GUO Xiaozhe,WANG Jing,LIU Xuefeng.Gas-water two phase porous flow model of fractured horizontal well in shale gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1165-1170.
[21] 朱维耀,亓倩,马千,等.页岩气不稳定渗流压力传播规律和数学模型[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(2):261-267.
ZHU Weiyao,QI Qian,MA Qian,et al.Unstable Seepage modeling and pressure propagation of shale gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(2):261-267.
[22] 钟光海,谢冰,周肖,等.四川盆地页岩气储层含气量的测井评价方法[J].天然气工业,2016,36(8):43-51.
ZHONG Guanghai,XIE Bing,ZHOU Xiao,et al.A logging evaluation method for gas content of shale gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(8):43-51.
[23] SAKHAEE-POUR A,BRYANT S.Gas permeability of shale[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering,2012,15(4):401-409.
[24] 王瑞,张宁生,刘晓娟,等.页岩气扩散系数和视渗透率的计算与分析[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2013,43(1):75-80.
WANG Rui,ZHANG Ningsheng,LIU Xiaojuan,et al.The calculation and analysis of diffusion coefficient and apparent permeability of shale gas[J].Journal of Northwest University:Natural Science Edition,2013,43(1):75-80.
[25] 杨胜来,魏俊之.油层物理学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010:139.
YANG Shenglai,WEI Junzhi.Reservoir physics[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010:139.
[26] MEYER B R,BAZAN L W.A discrete fracture network model for hydraulically induced fractures-theory,parametric and case studies[R].SPE 140514,2011.
[27] 程远方,李友志,时贤,等.页岩气体积压裂缝网模型分析及应用[J].天然气工业,2013,33(9):53-59.
CHENG Yuanfang,LI Youzhi,SHI Xian,et al.Analysis and application of fracture network models of volume fracturing in shale gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(9):53-59.
[28] 孔祥言.高等渗流力学[M].2版.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2010.
KONG Xiangyan.Advanced mechanics of fluids in porous media[M].2nd ed.Hefei:University of Science & Technology China Press,2010.
[29] 朱维耀,孙玉凯,王世虎,等.特低渗透油藏有效开发渗流理论和方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010.
ZHU Weiyao,SUN Yukai,WANG Shihu,et al.Theory and method for effective development of percolation in ultra-low permeability reservoirs[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2010.
[30] 高树生,刘华勋,叶礼友,等.页岩气藏SRV区域气体扩散与渗流耦合模型[J].天然气工业,2017,37(1):97-104.
GAO Shusheng,LIU Huaxun,YE Liyou,et al.A coupling model for gas diffusion and seepage in SRV section of shale gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(1):97-104.

Physical simulation experiment and numerical inversion of the full life cycle of shale gas well

页岩气井全生命周期物理模拟实验及数值反演

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Zhang Qun, Sun Siqing, Jiang Wenping. Key technologies and development direction of CBM exploration and development in coal mine area of fractured soft and low permeablity coal seams [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(5): 855-865.
[2]	Wang Han, Su Yuliang, Wang Wendong, Li Guanqun, Zhang Qi. Simulation on liquid flow in shale nanoporous media based on lattice Boltzmann method [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(3): 534-544.
[3]	Ding Qian, Gan Lideng, Wei Lele, Zhang Yusheng, Yang Hao, Jiang Xiaoyu, Wang Yaojun. The dual pore structure factors and its application in seismic prediction of reservoir permeability [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(2): 339-347.
[4]	Zhang Lei, Bian Liheng, Hou Wei, Li Yongzhou, Li Yongchen, Wu Peng, Li Weijing, Li Xiang, Li Chunhu. Pore structure characteristics and exploration significance of deep coal reservoirs: a case study of Daning-Jixian block in the eastern margin of Ordos Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(11): 1867-1878.
[5]	Zhang Zhi, Wang Jiawei, Wu You, Huo Hongbo, Xie Tao, Li Jinman. Effect of cement sheath condition on casing mechanical integrity in shale gas horizontal wells [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(8): 1158-1172.
[6]	Zhu Xiuchuan, Hu Qinhong, Meng Mianmo, Zhang Junjian, Zhang Tao, Yin Na, Sun Xiaohui, Chao Jing, Du Yushan, Liu Huimin. Microscopic distribution of water in the imbibition process of shale reservoir and dynamic response characteristics of its gas logging permeability [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(4): 533-547.
[7]	Jiang Ping, Zhang Hui, Wang Lei, Wang Xinguang, Xiang Yaoquan. An evaluation method of reservoir “sweet spots” in low permeability oilfields of Beibuwan Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(6): 751-764.
[8]	Wang Qian, Yang Shenglai, Bai Jie, Zhao Wei, Li Jiajun, Chen Hao. Influence of pore throat structure on changes in physical properties of reservoir rock during CO₂ flooding [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(5): 654-668,685.
[9]	Zhang Xingwen, Pang Xiongqi, Li Caijun, Yu Jiwang, Wang Wenyang, Xiao Huiyi, Li Changrong, Yu Jitao. Geological characteristics, formation conditions and accumulation model of deep and ultra-deep,high-porosity and high-permeability clastic reservoirs: a case study of Gulf of Mexico Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(4): 466-480.
[10]	Wang Qian, Yang Shenglai, Bai Jie, Qian Kun, Li Jiajun. Influence of CO₂ flooding mode on oil displacement effect and reservoir damage in heterogeneous multi-layer reservoirs [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(7): 875-884,902.
[11]	Liang Tianbo, Ma Shiying, Wei Dongya, Zhou Fujian, Liang Xingyuan. Water blocking mechanism of low-permeability reservoirs and screening principle of flowback surfactants [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(6): 745-752.
[12]	Wang Fuyong, Zeng Fanchao, Zhao Jiuyu. A mathematical model of displacement and imbibition of low-permeability/ tight reservoirs and its application [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(11): 1396-1405.
[13]	Wang Qinghui, Feng Jin, Guan Yao, Shi Lei, Pan Weiguo, Zhou Kaijin, Yang Qing, Song Wei. Permeability logging evaluation method of low-porosity low-permeability sandstone reservoirs based on dynamic data: a case study of Paleogene strata in Lufeng sag [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(s1): 206-216.
[14]	Wang Jianmin, Zhang San. Drilling fluid invasion degree and its impact evaluation in ultra-low permeability sandstone reservoir [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(9): 1095-1103.
[15]	Li Junjian, Cheng Baoyang, Liu Renjing, Meng Fanle, Liu Yang, Gao Yajun, Ma Kang, Jiang Hanqiao. Microscopic mechanism of water sensitivity of pore-scale sandy conglomerate based on digital core [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(5): 594-603.