Abstract: Previous studies suggest that Mesozoic source rocks are not developed in Luanping Basin, suffering serious tectonic damages in the late stage, which is not conducive to the formation and preservation of oil and gas reservoirs, and there is no breakthrough in oil and gas exploration. Based on the discovery of a large number of dark shales in the field outcrop, Well Luantan 1, Well Luantan 2 and Well Luantan 3 in the Cretaceous Xiguayuan Formation and Jurassic Tuchengzi Formation were designed and completed, and shale oil flow was discovered in Xiguayuan Formation for the first time. Based on outcrop, core, well logging and oil test data, this paper systematically analyzes the reservoiring characteristics involving Mesozoic source rocks, reservoirs, preservation conditions as well as oil and gas components in Luanping Basin. The deep lacustrine black shales are developed in Xiguayuan Formation, of which the TOC content is up to 3.60%, the dominant kerogen type is Type II, the thermal maturity of organic matters is 1.32%, suggesting that the whole of shales are at the maturity stage. The reservoir lithology of shale oil and gas is dominated by clay shale, silty shale, dolomitic shale and hybrid shale, with the average porosity of 1.6% and average permeability of 0.265 mD, indicating low-porosity and ultra-low permeability reservoirs. The analysis suggests that the lack of understanding of prototype basin is the main reason that restricts the research and exploration of shale oil and gas in the early stage. The late tectonic uplift of Luanping Basin is dominated by tilted movement, which is favorable for oil and gas preservation; the volcanic, terrestrial-sourced and intra-source deposition also provide a new way for detecting sweet spots for shale oil and gas exploration in the basin. During the pre-production phase, Well Luantan 1 yielded an average crude output of 3.23 t/d and a natural gas output of 3 600 m³/d. Additionally, the discovery of industrialized oil and gas flow filled the gap in the Mesozoic oil and gas discovery in Luanping Basin and even the Yanshan tectonic belt. The researches, understandings and exploration breakthroughs are of important theoretical and reference significance for better enhancing the petroleum geology foundation of Yanshan tectonic belt and further carrying out oil and gas exploration.

Key words: shale oil and gas, petroleum geological conditions, Mesozoic, Luanping Basin, Yanshan tectonic belt

摘要： 前人研究认为滦平盆地中生界烃源岩不发育、后期构造破坏严重，不利于油气藏的形成和保存，油气勘探一直没有突破。在野外露头发现大量暗色泥页岩的基础上，针对白垩系西瓜园组和侏罗系土城子组设计并完钻滦探1井、滦探2井和滦探3井，首次在西瓜园组发现页岩油气流。综合露头、岩心、测井和试油资料，对滦平盆地中生界烃源岩、储层、保存条件和油气组分等成藏特征进行系统分析。西瓜园组深湖相黑色泥页岩的总有机碳含量最高达3.60%，干酪根类型以Ⅱ型为主，有机质热演化成熟度达1.32%，整体处于成熟阶段。页岩油气储集层岩性主要为黏土质页岩、粉砂质页岩、白云质页岩和混合型页岩，平均孔隙度为1.6%，平均渗透率为0.265 mD，属于低孔超低渗储层。分析认为，对原型盆地认识的欠缺是制约前期页岩油气研究与勘探的主要原因。滦平盆地后期构造抬升以掀斜运动为主，有利于油气保存；火山-陆源-内源相互沉积作用为盆地内寻找页岩油气甜点开辟了新思路。试采阶段，滦探1井原油平均产量为3.23 t/d、天然气产量为3 600 m³/d，工业化油气流的发现填补了滦平盆地乃至燕山构造带中生界油气发现的空白。研究认识和勘探突破对于深化燕山构造带石油地质基础认识和进一步开展油气勘探具有重要理论与指导意义。

关键词: 页岩油气, 石油地质条件, 中生界, 滦平盆地, 燕山构造带