Abstract: Bacteria taken the glycolipid surfactant as the main metabolic production and producing a little low-molecular organic acid simultaneously were selected to put on a piece of slide glass.The experiment showed that the bacteria became enrichment on the oil-water interface due to the chemotaxis.During experiments on bacteria in glass box,it could be seen with eyes that fluid muddy on the oil-water interface got thicker and thicker gradually,because of "breeding in situ".The concentration distribution of the products of samples gotten from different distances from the interface was quantitatively measured.The result shows that there are concentration distribution gradients of products.The microbial oil-displacement experiments were programmed in emulation network models.It could be seen that bacteria were prior to entering into the three-phase boundary of pore wall,oil and water.The oil-displacement mechanisms of several techniques were studied,including emulsifying and starting up the remained oil,peeling the oil film off and altering the humidity of the orifice.The integration of these techniques is available for improving oil recovery.

Key words: microbial enhanced oil recovery, bacteria, concentration distribution, local enrichment, bio-surfactant, oil-displacement mechanism, experimental observation

摘要： 将主要代谢产物为糖脂类表面活性剂的菌种(同时产少量低分子有机酸)放在载玻片中进行实验,从中可观察到细菌由于具有化学趋向性而在油水界面处富集.在玻璃盒中对其进行了实验,用肉眼可观察到,由于“在位繁殖”效应,油水界面处浑浊程度由低逐渐变高.在距油水界面不同距离处,分别取样定量测定了产物浓度分布梯度.在仿真网络玻璃模型中进行的微生物驱油实验中观察到,菌体优先进入孔隙壁、油、水三相交界处.研究了微生物及其代谢产物乳化启动剩余油、剥离油膜、改变孔道壁润湿性的驱油机理,得到了一些有价值的结论.

关键词: 微生物提高采收率法, 菌种, 浓度分布, 局部富集, 生物表面活性剂, 驱油机理, 实验观察