Shallow hydrocarbon migration and accumulation theory and discovery of giant oilfield group in Bohai Sea

doi:10.7623/syxb201701001

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 1-8.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201701001

• Petroleum Exploration • Next Articles

Shallow hydrocarbon migration and accumulation theory and discovery of giant oilfield group in Bohai Sea

Deng Yunhua¹, Xue Yong'an², Yu Shui¹, Liu Chuncheng¹

1. CNOOC Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China;
2. Tianjin Branch, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, Tianjin 300452, China

Received:2016-11-04 Revised:2016-12-14 Online:2017-01-25 Published:2017-01-23

浅层油气运聚理论与渤海大油田群的发现

邓运华¹, 薛永安², 于水¹, 刘春成¹

1. 中海油研究总院北京 100028;
2. 中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司天津 300452

通讯作者: 邓运华,男,1963年2月生,1985年获江汉石油学院学士学位,1988年获北京石油勘探开发研究院硕士学位,现为中国海洋石油总公司副总地质师兼中海油研究总院副院长、中国工程院院士,长期从事海上油气勘探研究及技术管理工作。Email:dengyh@cnooc.com.cn
作者简介:邓运华,男,1963年2月生,1985年获江汉石油学院学士学位,1988年获北京石油勘探开发研究院硕士学位,现为中国海洋石油总公司副总地质师兼中海油研究总院副院长、中国工程院院士,长期从事海上油气勘探研究及技术管理工作。Email:dengyh@cnooc.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项“近海富烃凹陷资源潜力再评价和新区、新领域勘探方向”（2008ZX05023-001）资助。

Abstract

Abstract:

The annual output of crude oil reach 3 000×10⁴ t in the Bohai Sea, accounting for about 70% of offshore oil production in China. Bohai oildom is located at the central and eastern Cenozoic intracontinental rift basins in Bohai Bay, with an exploration area of about 4.5×10⁴km². Bohai oildom has distinctive petroleum geological characteristics; the famous Tan-Lu Fracture Belt pass through the Bohai Sea from north to south; Neogene fault activities are intensive, which accelerate the vertical oil migration, but is not conducive to the reservoir preservation; fluvial-lacustrine sediments are developed during the Miocene-Pliocene period, in the upper part of which reservoir-caprock assemblage is widely distributed, creating conditions for shallow petroleum accumulation; Paleogene source rocks are buried deep, and Neogene reservoirs and cover rocks are relatively shallow; the petroleum migration path is complicated with long vertical migration distance. According to the complicated geological conditions of the Bohai Sea, after 20 years of exploration in cognition-practice-recognition mode, 7 innovative academic ideas have been proposed as below: (1) the large fault-sandbody transfer station mode has strong migration ability; (2) the migration ability of small faults and strike slip faults is weak; (3) the formation-fault assemblage determines the place where hydrocarbon accumulates; (4) critical cover controls the formation of oil fields in the active fault belt; (5) the oil collecting area in the trap determines oil field scale; (6) the distribution of main oil fields can be divided into salient enrichment type and sag enrichment type; (7) drape anticlines on a small salient are favorable for the formation of large oil fields. These ideas constitute the shallow hydrocarbon migration and accumulation theory for guiding actual exploration. Through a comprehensive study, the Bohai exploration team found 7 large oil fields and 17 middle-scale oil fields in a short time, and the total geological reserves amount to 27×10⁸m³, laying the reserve base of the second largest oil field in China.

Key words: Bohai oil region, shallow reservoirs, migration and accumulation theory, transfer station mode, oil collecting area, active fault belt

摘要：

渤海油区年产原油3 000×10⁴t，约占中国海洋石油产量的70%。渤海油区位于渤海湾新生代陆内裂谷盆地的中东部，勘探面积约4.5×10⁴km²。渤海油区具有鲜明的石油地质特征：著名的郯庐大断裂纵贯渤海，新近纪断裂活动强烈，促进石油的纵向运移，但不利于油藏的保存；中新世-上新世发育河湖相沉积，上部储-盖组合广泛分布，为浅层石油富集创造了条件；古近系生油岩埋藏深，新近系储-盖层较浅，石油垂向运移距离远，运移途径复杂。针对渤海复杂的石油地质条件，经过20年认识-实践-再认识的探索，提出1大断裂-砂体“中转站”模式运移能力强、2小断层及走滑断裂运移油气能力弱、3地层-断层组合关系控制油气富集部位、4临界盖层控制断裂活动带油田形成、5圈闭汇油面积大小决定油田规模、6主力油田展布可分为凸起与凹陷富集型、7小凸起上的披覆背斜利于形成大油田7项创新学术思想，构成了浅层油气运聚理论并指导勘探，渤海勘探团队在短期内高效发现了7个大油田、17个中型油田，共27×10⁸m³地质储量，奠定了中国第二大油区的储量基础。

关键词: 渤海油区, 浅层油气藏, 运聚理论, 中转站模式, 汇油面积, 断裂活动带

CLC Number:

TE112

Deng Yunhua, Xue Yong'an, Yu Shui, Liu Chuncheng. Shallow hydrocarbon migration and accumulation theory and discovery of giant oilfield group in Bohai Sea[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(1): 1-8.

邓运华, 薛永安, 于水, 刘春成. 浅层油气运聚理论与渤海大油田群的发现[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(1): 1-8.

References

[1] 童崇光.中国东部裂谷系盆地的石油地质特征[J].石油学报,1980,1(4):19-26.
TONG Chongguang.Some characteristics of petroleum geology of the rift system in eastern China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1980,1(4):19-26.
[2] 胡见义,童晓光,徐树宝,等.渤海湾及邻区中生界地质结构和含油气性[J].石油学报,1982,3(2):1-8.
HU Jianyi,TONG Xiaoguang,XU Shubao,et al.Tectonic framework and oil possibilities of Mesozoic rocks in the Bohai Bay and its neighbourhood[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1982,3(2):1-8.
[3] 赵重远.渤海湾盆地的构造格局及其演化[J].石油学报,1984,5(1):1-8.
ZHAO Zhongyuan.Structural pattern and evolution of Bohaiwan Basin,China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1984,5(1):1-8.
[4] 邓运华.试论中国近海两个坳陷带油气地质差异性[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):1-8.
DENG Yunhua.Analysis on differences of petroleum type and geological conditions between two depression belts in China offshore[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(1):1-8.
[5] 邓运华.渤海大中型潜山油气田形成机理与勘探实践[J].石油学报,2015,36(3):253-261.
DENG Yunhua.Formation mechanism and exploration practice of large-medium buried-hill oil fields in Bohai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(3):253-261.
[6] 郭元岭,蒋有录,赵乐强,等.济阳坳陷预探井失利地质原因分析[J].石油学报,2005,26(6):52-56.
GUO Yuanling,JIANG Youlu,ZHAO Leqiang,et al.Geologic reasons for unsuccessful preliminary prospected wells in Jiyang depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(6):52-56.
[7] BEKELE E B,PERSON M A,ROSTRON B J,et al.Modeling secondary oil migration with core-scale data:Viking Formation,Alberta Basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(1):55-74.
[8] 邓运华.裂谷盆地油气运移"中转站"模式的实践效果——以渤海油区第三系为例[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):18-24.
DENG Yunhua.Practical effect of the "transfer station" model for oil-gas migration in rift basin:a case study on the Tertiary in the Bohai oil province[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(1):18-24.
[9] 邓运华.张-扭断裂与油气运移分析——以渤海油区为例[J].中国石油勘探,2004,9(2):33-37.
DENG Yunhua.Tensional-shear faults and analysis of oil and gas migration-taking Bohai oil province for example[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2004,9(2):33-37.
[10] 王燮培,谢德宜.中国含油气盆地中花状构造的发现及其石油地质意义[J].地质科技情报,1982,8(2):59-66.
WANG Xiepei,XIE Deyi.Finding flower structures in China's oil and gas bearing basins and its significance in petroleum geology[J].Geological Science and Tech nology Information,1982,8(2):59-66.
[11] 龚再升,王国纯.渤海新构造运动控制晚期油气成藏[J].石油学报,2001,22(2):1-7.
GONG Zaisheng,WANG Guochun.Neotectonism and late hydrocarbon accumulation in Bohai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(2):1-7.
[12] 童晓光,牛嘉玉.区域盖层在油气聚集中的作用[J].石油勘探与开发,1989(4):1-8.
TONG Xiaoguang,NIU Jiayu.Effects of regional cap formation on oil and gas accumulation[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1989(4):1-8.
[13] 邓运华.渤海油区稠油成因探讨[J].中国海上油气,2006,18(6):361-364.
DENG Yunhua.A discussion on the origin of heavy oil in Bohai oil province[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2006,18(6):361-364.
[14] 王祥,王应斌,吕修祥,等.渤海海域辽东湾坳陷油气成藏条件与分布规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(3):342-351.
WANG Xiang,WANG Yingbin,LV Xiuxiang,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and distribution patterns in the Liaodong Bay depression,the Bohai Sea[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2011,32(3):342-351.
[15] 茹克.裂陷盆地的半地堑分析[J].中国海上油气(地质),1990,4(6):1-10.
RU Ke.Half-garben analysis of rift basins[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1990,4(6):1-10.
[16] 陈义贤.辽河裂谷盆地断裂演化序次和油气藏形成模式[J].石油学报,1985,6(2):1-11.
CHEN Yixian.The evolution of faults and formation of oil and gas reservoirs in the Liaohe rift valley[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1985,6(2):1-11.
[17] 杜永林.中国东部地区油田形成的条件[J].石油勘探与开发,1985(5):6-13.
DU Yonglin.A brief discussion on the conditions for the formation of oil fields in eastern China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1985(5):6-13.
[18] 邓运华.渤海湾盆地凹陷-凸起油气聚集的差异性[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(6):401-405.
DENG Yunhua.Analysing the petroleum accumulational difference of sag and uplift in Bohai Bay Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1999,13(6):401-405.
[19] 李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.
LI Qingzhong.The way to obtain a better resolution in seismic prospecting[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1993.
[20] 宋国奇,隋风贵,赵乐强.济阳坳陷不整合结构不能作为油气长距离运移的通道[J].石油学报,2010,31(5):744-747.
SONG Guoqi,SUI Fenggui,ZHAO Leqiang.No unconformity structure in Jiyang depression as long distance migration pathway of hydrocarbon[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(5):744-747.
[21] 邓运华.渤海湾盆地上第三系油藏类型及成藏控制因素分析[J].中国海上油气(地质),2003,17(6):359-364.
DENG Yunhua.Types and accumulation controls of Neogene oil reservoirs in Bohai Bay Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2003,17(6):359-364.
[22] 夏庆龙,周心怀,王昕,等.渤海蓬莱9-1大型复合油田地质特征与发现意义[J].石油学报,2013,34(增刊2):15-23.
XIA Qinglong,ZHOU Xinhuai,WANG Xin,et al.Geological characteristics and discovery significance of large-scale and compound oilfield of Penglai 9-1 in Bohai[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(S2):15-23.

Shallow hydrocarbon migration and accumulation theory and discovery of giant oilfield group in Bohai Sea

浅层油气运聚理论与渤海大油田群的发现

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Gong Qingshun, Liu Zhanguo, Song Guangyong, Xia Zhiyuan, Liu Jincheng, Guan Bin, Fan Weiguang. Inter-layers in alluvial-fan thick sandy conglomerate reservoir of Kunbei oilfield, Qaidam Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(2): 152-164.
[2]	Zhang Xiaoming, Shi Wanzhong, Xu Qinghai, Wang Ren, Xu Zhuang, Wang Jian, Wang Chao, Yuan Qi. Reservoir characteristics and controlling factors of shale gas in Jiaoshiba area,Sichuan Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(8): 926-939,953.
[3]	Cao Jian, Lei Dewen, Li Yuwen, Tang Yong, Chang Qiusheng, Abulimit, Wang Tingting. Ancient high-quality alkaline lacustrine source rocks discovered in the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation, Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(7): 781-790.
[4]	Ren Kangxu, Wang Xiaojun, Wu Baocheng, Deng Xili, Mu Jiandong, Liu Chang. Comparation on differences of increasing porosity for different alkali contents igneous rocks [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(7): 799-808.
[5]	Dong Yuexia, Zhao Zongju, Cao Zhonghong, Wang Jianguo, Gong Faxiong, Wang Peixi, Wu Heyuan, Cao Ruining, Zou Gang. Exploration potential and significance of Ordovician carbonate karst monadnock traps in Nanpu sag [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(6): 653-663.
[6]	Zheng Lijing, Cao Yingchang, Jiang Zaixing, Wang Yanzhong, Chen Lin. Q uantitative characterization of porosities of Paleogene glutenites in the northern Minfeng sub-sag of Dongying sag [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(5): 573-583.
[7]	Tao Xiaowan, Zhang Yijie, Duan Shufu, Zhang Lijuan, Zheng Duoming, Tian Han, Zhang Xinxin, Zhu Wenping. Crude oil accumulation processes and causes of highly variable oil density in Halahatang oilfield, Tarim Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(4): 405-415.
[8]	Luo Bing, Yang Yueming, Luo Wenjun, Wen Long, Wang Wenzhi, Chen Kang. Controlling factors and distribution of reservoir development in Dengying Formation of paleo-uplift in central Sichuan Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(4): 416-426.
[9]	Deng Yunhua. Formation mechanism and exploration practice of large-medium buried-hill oil fields in Bohai Sea [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(3): 253-261.
[10]	Zhao Zongju. Indicators of global sea-level change and research methods of marine tectonic sequences: take Ordovician of Tarim Basin as an example [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(3): 262-273.
[11]	Xie Jigao, Liu Chuncheng, Liu Zhibin, Zhang Yiming, Liu Fang, Jiao Zhenhua, Xiao Xi. Seismic prediction of the reservoir and oil-bearing property of Miocene deep-water turbidite in northern Lower Congo Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(1): 33-40.
[12]	Shang Xiaofei, Hou Jiagen, Sun Futing, Tang Li, Liu Yuming, Li Yongqiang, Li Yan. Architectural characteristics and sedimentary models of beach-bar sandstone reservoirs: a case study of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Banqiao oilfield, Huanghua depression [J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2014, 35(6): 1160-1171.
[13]	Ma Yongsheng, Cai Xunyu, Zhao Peirong. Characteristics and formation mechanisms of reef-shoal carbonate reservoirs of Changxing-Feixianguan formations, Yuanba gas field [J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2014, 35(6): 1001-1011.
[14]	Shi Baohong, Zhang Yan, Chen Jie, Zhang Lei. Characteristics and geological significance of fluid inclusions in Mesozoic reservoirs in Dingbian area, Ordos Basin [J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2014, 35(6): 1087-1094.
[15]	Zhuo Qingong, Zhao Mengjun, Li Yong, Wang Yuan. Dynamic sealing evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation of evaporite cap rocks：an example from Kuqa foreland basin thrust belt [J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2014, 35(5): 847-856.