Source-to-sink system and exploration prospects of the Wilcox Formation in Perdido fold belt,Burgos Basin,Mexico

doi:10.7623/syxb201912003

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1439-1450.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201912003

• Petroleum Exploration • Previous Articles Next Articles

Source-to-sink system and exploration prospects of the Wilcox Formation in Perdido fold belt,Burgos Basin,Mexico

Liang Jianshe, Huang Xingwen, Cai Wenjie, Wang Ying, Chen Liang, Zhang Yina

CNOOC International Company Limited, Beijing 100027, China

Received:2019-01-21 Revised:2019-07-11 Online:2019-12-25 Published:2020-01-04

墨西哥Burgos盆地Perdido构造带Wilcox组源-汇体系及勘探前景

梁建设, 黄兴文, 蔡文杰, 王颖, 陈亮, 张义娜

中国海洋石油国际有限公司北京 100027

通讯作者: 梁建设,男,1965年5月生,1988年获石油大学(华东)地球物理专业学士学位,现为中国海洋石油集团公司专家、教授级高级工程师,主要从事海外油气勘探研究工作。Email:liangjsh@cnooc.com.cn
作者简介:梁建设,男,1965年5月生,1988年获石油大学(华东)地球物理专业学士学位,现为中国海洋石油集团公司专家、教授级高级工程师,主要从事海外油气勘探研究工作。Email:liangjsh@cnooc.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项"西非和南美海域重点区油气地质评价及关键技术研究"（2017ZX05032-001）和中海石油（中国）有限公司科技项目"墨西哥海域盐构造与第三系大型储集体及油气成藏"（YXKY-2018-ZY-01）资助。

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at Wilcox Formation in the Perdido fold belt of the Burgos Basin, Mexico, where double-layered salt rock structures are widely developed, this study explores the history of plate activity and the distribution of major river systems based on logging, core, thin-section and 3D seismic data under limited well control conditions. The provenance direction was determined by the seismic sedimentary filling structure and debris composition; the characteristics of the deepwater sedimentary system were analyzed based on the single well facies, seismic reflections and attributes. The provenance of the Wilcox Formation and the deep-water fan deposition system under its control were comprehensively analyzed, the correlation between source-to-sink elements was explored, and the coupling model was established. The results show that the provenance of Wilcox Formation is mainly from the western Rocky Mountains and is transported to the study area by the two major river systems of Rio Grand and Colorado, characterized by bidirectional provenance. Channelized lobe, proximal lobe and distal lobe are mainly developed in this area. Among them, the channelized lobe is characterized by coarser particles and better reservoir property, and is the most favorable sedimentary facies belt. The overburdened hugely-thick salt rock of Wilcox Formation has low density and high thermal conductivity, and thus can reduce formation temperature, slow down compaction and cementation, which is conducive to the preservation of primary pores in subsalt reservoirs. Extremely favorable conditions for deposition of deep-water fan in the Perdido fold belt are created by abundant sediment supply and an efficient shelf-transportation system. The source-to-sink model is represented by the Rocky Mountains-Rio Grand, Colorado drainage system-shelf edge delta-canyons-deep-water fan mode. In addition to the low degree of exploration, superior source conditions, and extensive sand body distribution in the Perdido fold belt, many favorable conditions are provided by the double-layered salt rock structure for oil and gas accumulation, presenting a broad exploration space and huge potential.

Key words: salt structure, source, deep-water fan, Wilcox Formation, distal lobe, Perdido fold belt

摘要：

为了进一步研究源-汇系统模式及相关因素，在双层盐岩结构广泛发育的墨西哥Burgos盆地Perdido构造带，以Wilcox组为研究对象，在有限井控条件下，基于测井、岩心、岩石薄片及三维地震资料，研究了板块活动历史与主要水系分布。通过地震沉积充填结构、岩屑组成明确物源方向，依据单井相、地震反射与属性特征分析刻画了深水沉积体系特征，综合分析了Wilcox组物源及其控制下的深水扇沉积体系，探讨了源-汇各要素间相关性并建立了耦合模式。研究结果表明，Wilcox组物源主要来自于西侧落基山脉，经Rio Grand、Colorado两大水系搬运至研究区，具有双向物源的特征；主要发育水道化朵叶、近端朵叶和远端朵叶，其中水道化朵叶粒度更粗，储集物性更好，是最为有利的沉积相带；Wilcox组上覆巨厚的盐岩沉积密度较低，其导热率较高可降低地层温度，减缓压实和胶结作用，更有利于盐下储层原生孔隙的保存；充足的沉积物供给量和高效的陆架搬运体系为Perdido构造带深水扇沉积创造了极为有利的条件，源-汇模式表现为落基山脉—Rio Grand、Colorado水系—陆架边缘三角洲—大型峡谷—深水扇模式；由于Perdido构造带勘探程度较低，烃源条件优越，砂体分布广泛，双层盐岩构造为油气成藏创造了诸多有利条件，因此具备广阔的勘探空间与巨大的潜力。

关键词: 盐构造, 物源, 深水扇, Wilcox组, 远端朵叶, Perdido构造带

CLC Number:

TE122

Liang Jianshe, Huang Xingwen, Cai Wenjie, Wang Ying, Chen Liang, Zhang Yina. Source-to-sink system and exploration prospects of the Wilcox Formation in Perdido fold belt,Burgos Basin,Mexico[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(12): 1439-1450.

梁建设, 黄兴文, 蔡文杰, 王颖, 陈亮, 张义娜. 墨西哥Burgos盆地Perdido构造带Wilcox组源-汇体系及勘探前景[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(12): 1439-1450.

References

[1] 陈亮,于水,胡孝林,等.应用陆坡形态-迁移轨迹组合法寻找大型富砂深水扇[J].沉积学报,2018,36(1):92-100.
CHEN Liang,YU Shui,HU Xiaolin,et al.Application from combination of slope geometries and shelf-edge trajectories to find large-scale,sand-rich deepwater fan[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2018,36(1):92-100.
[2] 陈宇航,姚根顺,吕福亮,等.东非鲁伍马盆地渐新统深水水道-朵体沉积特征及控制因素[J].石油学报,2017,38(9):1047-1058.
CHEN Yuhang,YAO Genshun,LÜ Fuliang,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and controlling factors of Oligocene deep-water channel-lobe in Rovuma Basin of the East Africa[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(9):1047-1058.
[3] 赵阳,卢景美,刘学考,等.墨西哥湾深水油气勘探研究特点与发展趋势[J].海洋地质前沿,2014,30(6):27-32.
ZHAO Yang,LU Jingmei,LIU Xuekao,et al.Oil and gas exploration in deep water area of gulf of Mexico[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2014,30(6):27-32.
[4] 张功成,屈红军,张凤廉,等.全球深水油气重大新发现及启示[J].石油学报,2019,40(1):1-34.
ZHANG Gongcheng,QU Hongjun,ZHANG Fenglian,et al.Major new discoveries of oil and gas in global deepwaters and enlightenment[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2019,40(1):1-34.
[5] 朱伟林,崔旱云,吴培康,等.被动大陆边缘盆地油气勘探新进展与展望[J].石油学报,2017,38(10):1099-1109.
ZHU Weilin,CUI Hanyun,WU Peikang,et al.New development and outlook for oil and gas exploration in passive continental margin basins[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(10):1099-1109.
[6] 卢景美,张金川,严杰,等.墨西哥湾北部深水区Wilcox沉积特征及沉积模式研究[J].沉积学报,2014,32(6):1132-1139.
LU Jingmei,ZHANG Jinchuan,YAN Jie,et al.Study on depositional characteristics and model of Wilcox in the deep waters of northern gulf of Mexico[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2014,32(6):1132-1139.
[7] 徐长贵.陆相断陷盆地源-汇时空耦合控砂原理:基本思想、概念体系及控砂模式[J].中国海上油气,2013,25(4):1-11.
XU Changgui.Controlling sand principle of source-sink coupling in time and space in continental rift basins:basic idea,conceptual systems and controlling sand models[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2013,25(4):1-11.
[8] BHATTACHARYA J P,COPELAND P,LAWTON T F,et al.Estimation of source area,river paleo-discharge,paleoslope,and sediment budgets of linked deep-time depositional systems and implications for hydrocarbon potential[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2016,153:77-110.
[9] HELLAND-HANSEN W,SØMME T O,MARTINSEN O J,et al.Deciphering earth's natural hourglasses:perspectives on source-to-sink analysis[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2016,86(9):1008-1033.
[10] 徐长贵,杜晓峰,徐伟,等.沉积盆地"源-汇"系统研究新进展[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(1):1-11.
XU Changgui,DU Xiaofeng,XU Wei,et al.New advances of the "Source-to-Sink" system research in sedimentary basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2017,38(1):1-11.
[11] SØMME T O,HELLAND-HANSEN W,MARTINSEN O J,et al.Relationships between morphological and sedimentological parameters in source-to-sink systems:a basis for predicting semi-quantitative characteristics in subsurface systems[J].Basin Research,2009,21(4):361-387.
[12] SØMME T O,JACKSON C A L.Source-to-sink analysis of ancient sedimentary systems using a subsurface case study from the Møre-Trøndelag area of southern Norway:Part 2-sediment dispersal and forcing mechanisms[J].Basin Research,2013,25(5):512-531.
[13] 鞠玮,侯贵廷,肖芳锋.墨西哥湾盆地陆棚区油气田数量与储量规模的分形分析[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2011,47(6):1049-1055.
JU Wei,HOU Guiting,XIAO Fangfeng.Fractals of oil and gas field reserve distribution in outer continental shelf (OCS),Gulf of Mexico Basin[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2011,47(6):1049-1054.
[14] 李双林,张生银.墨西哥及墨西哥湾盆地构造单元及其演化[J].海洋地质动态,2010,26(3):14-21.
LI Shuanglin,ZHANG Shengyin.Tectonic units and their evolution in Mexico Orogen and gulf of Mexico Basin[J].Marine Geology Letters,2010,26(3):14-21.
[15] 刘延莉,徐向华.墨西哥湾盆地油气分布规律及成藏主控因素分析[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(2):200-205.
LIU Yanli,XU Xianghua.Petroleum distribution rules and controlling factor analysis of Gulf of Mexico Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2014,36(2):200-205.
[16] 赵红格,刘池洋.物源分析方法及研究进展[J].沉积学报,2003,21(3):409-415.
ZHAO Hongge,LIU Chiyang.Approaches and prospects of provenance analysis[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(3):409-415.
[17] 黄传炎,王华,周立宏,等.北塘凹陷古近系沙河街组三段物源体系分析[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2009,34(6):975-984.
HUANG Chuanyan,WANG Hua,ZHOU Lihong,et al.Provenance system characters of the third Member of Shahejie Formation in the Paleogene in Beitang sag[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2009,34(6):975-984.
[18] 朱红涛,杨香华,周心怀,等.基于地震资料的陆相湖盆物源通道特征分析:以渤中凹陷西斜坡东营组为例[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2013,38(1):121-129.
ZHU Hongtao,YANG Xianghua,ZHOU Xinhuai,et al.Sediment transport pathway characteristics of continental lacustrine basins based on 3-D seismic data:an example from Dongying Formation of western Slope of Bozhong sag[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2013,38(1):121-129.
[19] 杨仁超,李进步,樊爱萍,等.陆源沉积岩物源分析研究进展与发展趋势[J].沉积学报,2013,31(1):99-107.
YANG Renchao,LI Jinbu,FAN Aiping,et al.Research progress and development tendency of provenance analysis on terrigenous sedimentary rocks[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2013,31(1):99-107.
[20] 刘强虎,朱红涛,舒誉,等.珠江口盆地恩平凹陷古近系恩平组物源体系及其对滩坝的控制[J].石油学报,2015,36(3):286-299.
LIU Qianghu,ZHU Hongtao,SHU Yu,et al.Provenance systems and their control on the beach-bar of Paleogene Enping Formation,Enping sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(3):286-299.
[21] 徐亚军,杜远生,杨江海.沉积物物源分析研究进展[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(3):26-32.
XU Yajun,DU Yuansheng,YANG Jianghai.Prospects of sediment provenance analysis[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2007,26(3):26-32.
[22] LIN Changsong,ZHENG Herong,REN Jianye,et al.The control of syndepositional faulting on the Eogene sedimentary basin fills of the Dongying and Zhanhua sags,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,2004,47(9):769-782.
[23] 邓宏文,郭建宇,王瑞菊,等.陆相断陷盆地的构造层序地层分析[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):1-7.
DENG Hongwen,GUO Jianyu,WANG Ruiju,et al.Tectono-sequence stratigraphic analysis in continental faulted basins[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(2):1-7.
[24] DICKINSON W R,GEHRELS G E.Use of U-Pb ages of detrital zircons to infer maximum depositional ages of strata:a test against a Colorado Plateau Mesozoic database[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2009,288(1/2):115-125.
[25] DICKINSON W R,GEHRELS G E.Insights into North American Paleogeography and Paleotectonics from U-Pb ages of detrital zircons in Mesozoic strata of the Colorado Plateau,USA[J].International Journal of Earth Sciences,2010,99(6):1247-1265.
[26] LAWTON T F.Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology of Jurassic-Eocene sandstones in northern Mexico:an archive of post-Pennsylvania magmatic arc history[R].Boulder:Geological Society of America,2009.
[27] DICKINSON W R,GEHRELS G E.Sediment delivery to the Cordilleran foreland basin:insights from U-Pb ages of detrital zircons in Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous strata of the Colorado Plateau[J].American Journal of Science,2008,308(10):1041-1082.
[28] DICKINSON W R.Interpreting provenance relations from detrital modes of sandstones[M]//ZUFFA G G.Provenance of Arenites.Dordrecht:Springer,1985:333-361.
[29] GALLOWAY W E,WHITEAKER T L,GANEY-CURRY P.History of Cenozoic North American Drainage Basin evolution,sediment yield,and accumulation in the Gulf of Mexico Basin[J].Geosphere,2011,7(4):938-973.
[30] SHARMAN G R,COVAULT J A,STOCKLI D F,et al.Early Cenozoic drainage reorganization of the United States Western Interior-Gulf of Mexico sediment routing system[J].Geology,2017,45(2):187-190.
[31] 廖计华,徐强,陈莹,等.白云-荔湾凹陷珠江组大型深水水道体系沉积特征及成因机制[J].地球科学,2016,41(6):1041-1054.
LIAO Jihua,XU Qiang,CHEN Ying,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and genesis of the deepwater channel system in Zhujiang Formation of Baiyun-Liwan sag[J].Earth Science,2016,41(6):1041-1054.
[32] 曾清波,吴景富,赵志刚,等.珠江口盆地白云-荔湾深水区珠江组大型水道体系的发现与勘探意义[J].石油学报,2013,34(S2):48-56.
ZENG Qingbo,WU Jingfu,ZHAO Zhigang,et al.Discovery and exploratory significance of a deep-water channel system in Zhujiang Formation,Baiyun-Liwan sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(S2):48-56.
[33] MELLO U T,KARNER G D,ANDERSON R N.Role of salt in restraining the maturation of subsalt source rocks[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1995,12(7):697-716.
[34] RICHARDS M,BOWMAN M.Submarine fans and related depositional systems ii:variability in reservoir architecture and wireline log character[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1998,15(8):821-839.
[35] 庞雄,彭大钧,陈长民,等.三级"源-渠-汇"耦合研究珠江深水扇系统[J].地质学报,2007,81(6):857-864.
PANG Xiong,PENG Dajun,CHEN Changmin,et al.Three hierarchies "source-conduit-sink" coupling analysis of the Pearl River deep-water fan system[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(6):857-864.
[36] 康洪全,孟金落,程涛,等.巴西坎波斯盆地深水沉积体系特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(1):93-104.
KANG Hongquan,MENG Jinluo,CHENG Tao,et al.Characteristics of deep water depositional system in Campos Basin,Brazil[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(1):93-104.
[37] 刘强虎,朱筱敏,李顺利,等.沙垒田凸起前古近系基岩分布及源-汇过程[J].地球科学,2016,41(11):1935-1949.
LIU Qianghu,ZHU Xiaomin,LI Shunli,et al.Pre-Palaeogene bedrock distribution and source-to-sink system analysis in the Shaleitian Uplift[J].Earth Science,2016,41(11):1935-1949.
[38] SYVITSKI J P M,MILLIMAN J D.Geology,geography,and humans battle for dominance over the delivery of fluvial sediment to the Coastal Ocean[J].The Journal of Geology, 2007,115(1):1-19.
[39] ZHANG Jinyu,COVAULT J A,PYRCZ M,et al.Quantifying sediment supply to continental margins:application to the Paleogene Wilcox Group,Gulf of Mexico[J].AAPG Bulletin,2018,102(9):1685-1702.
[40] SNEDDEN J W,GALLOWAY W E,GANEY-CURRY P,et al.Extended abstract:the geologic history of submarine fans in the deepwater gulf of Mexico:Mesozoic to Modern[J].GCAGS Transactions,2015,65:521-527.
[41] ZARRA L.Chronostratigraphic framework for the Wilcox Formation (Upper Paleocene-Lower Eocene)in the deep-water gulf of Mexico:biostratigraphy,sequences,and depositional systems[M]//KENNAN L,PINDELL J,ROSEN N C.The Paleogene of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Basins:Processes,Events,and Petroleum Systems,Houston:Society for Sedimentary Geology,2007.
[42] ZHANG Jinyu,STEEL R,OLARIU C.What conditions are required for deltas to reach the shelf edge during rising sea level[J].Geology,2017,45(12):1107-1110.

Source-to-sink system and exploration prospects of the Wilcox Formation in Perdido fold belt,Burgos Basin,Mexico

墨西哥Burgos盆地Perdido构造带Wilcox组源-汇体系及勘探前景

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Shan Yunpeng, Wang Hongjun, Ma Feng, Yu Hao, Liu Jianbo, Liu Huayang, Tang Yuzhe, Chen Pengyu, Zhang Xinshun, Wang Siqi, Zhang Liangjie. Evaluation of hydrocarbon resources and optimization of exploration potential areas in the Amu Darya right bank block [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(3): 580-592.
[2]	Ding Rong, Cao Yimin, Zhao Peihua, Xiang Shuzheng, Tian Wenguang, Hu Xinyou, Tian Chong, Liu Zhong, Wang Jianwei, Huang Shuangquan, Li Yun, Xu Weikai, Li Yong. Challenges,results and industrial implications of coalbed methane resource evaluation during the 14th Five-Year Plan period(2021—2025) [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(2): 330-338.
[3]	Lei Mingzhu, Jin Qiuyue, Tang Shengming, Wang Ziling, Wang Biwei, Wu Bin. Hydrocarbon sources and accumulation characteristics of the southern fault zone of Wenchang10 subsag and the Shenhu uplift in Zhu Ⅲ depression of Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(2): 422-436.
[4]	Zhao Zhe, Fan Liyong, Zhang Tao, Hui Jie. Resource endowments and future prospects of the Ordos Super Energy Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(1): 44-58.
[5]	Qiu Nansheng, Zhu Chuanqing, Song Jialin, Li Kefu. Distribution,development and utilization of geothermal resources in China [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(1): 294-310.
[6]	Jiang Fujie, Zhang Chenxi, Chen Di, Zheng Xiaowei, Zhang Yuqi, Li Jijun, Fan Xiaoqi, Guo Tingwei, Wang Xiaohao, Hu Tao. Research status on oil content of continental shale and a new grading assessment method of resource potential [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(9): 1661-1676.
[7]	Mu Hansheng, Li Ruilei, Zhu Jianfeng, Liu Yuhu, Xu Wen, Li Zhongbo, Cai Feng. Breakthroughs and significances of natural gas exploration in Changling fault sag of Songliao Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(8): 1447-1463.
[8]	Jia Chengzao, Jiang Lin, Zhao Wen. Research progress in the Whole Petroleum System theory [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(7): 1217-1234,1307.
[9]	Zhi Dongming, He Wenjun, Qin Zhijun, Gan Renzhong, Zheng Menglin, You Xincai, Qian Haitao, Zhao Long. Oil and gas exploration practice in northern Xinjiang area under the guidance of the Whole Petroleum System theory [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(7): 1235-1259.
[10]	Mao Xinjun, Liu Yin, Wang Guozhen, Yan Qi, Zhao Changyong, Zhu Ka, Li Mengyao, Xu Jinjun, Cao Jian. Spatiotemporal coupling between source-reservoir configurations and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Whole Petroleum System of Mahu sag, Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(7): 1260-1277.
[11]	Tang Yong, Liu Hailei, Ding Xiujian, Wang Xueyong, Su Jing, Cui Zhenyu, Liu Longsong, Li Zonghao, Chen Shaorong. Whole-process gas generation pattern and gas accumulation characteristics of Fengcheng Formation source rocks in western Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(7): 1278-1293.
[12]	Guo Xuguang, Wang Guiwen, Gong Deyu, Yang Fan, Yang Wei. Geochemical characteristics and formation environment of Fengcheng Formation source rocks in Mahu sag,Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(7): 1342-1354.
[13]	Zhang Yingzhao, Jiang Yiming, Diao Hui, Li Ning, Duan Dongping, Li Shuai, Chang Yinshan. Exploration and development practice, new geological understanding and resource potential of low to ultra-low permeability gas reservoirs in Xihu sag of East China Sea Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(6): 1074-1088.
[14]	Zhu Guangyou, Jiang Hua, Huang Shipeng, Ma Debo, Zhang Ming, Chen Weiyan, Guan Shuwei, Fan Junjia, Zeng Fuying. New progress of marine hydrocarbon accumulation theory and prediction of super large oil and gas areas in deep strata buried at a depth of about 10 000 meters in China [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(4): 816-842.
[15]	Song Yong, Pang Zhichao, Li Jing, Chen Jianping, Wang Xulong, Sun Yongge, Ni Yunyan. Genesis and source of ultra-deep condensate oil in the central part of southern margin of Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(3): 510-531.