塔北地区奥陶系灰岩段裂缝特征及其对岩溶储层的控制

doi:10.7623/syxb201006010

石油学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 933-940.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201006010

塔北地区奥陶系灰岩段裂缝特征及其对岩溶储层的控制

倪新锋 1,2,3 杨海军 1 沈安江 2,3 张丽娟 1 乔占峰 2,3 赵宽志 1 韩利军 1

1 中国石油塔里木油田公司新疆库尔勒 841000； 2 中国石油杭州地质研究院浙江杭州 310023； 3 中国石油碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室浙江杭州 310023

收稿日期:2010-04-16 修回日期:2010-06-21 出版日期:2010-11-25 发布日期:2011-01-20
通讯作者: 倪新锋
作者简介:倪新锋，男，1978年10月生， 2007年获成都理工大学沉积学博士学位，现为塔里木油田公司博士后工作站在站博士后，高级工程师，主要从事沉积学与含油气盆地分析研究工作。
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2008ZX05004-002）“大型油气田及煤层气开发”资助。

Characteristics of Ordovician limestone fractures in the northern Tarim Basin and their controlling effects on karst reservoirs

NI Xinfeng 1,2,3 YANG Haijun 1 SHEN Anjiang 2,3 ZHANG Lijuan 1 QIAO Zhanfeng 2,3 ZHAO Kuanzhi 1 HAN Lijun 1

Received:2010-04-16 Revised:2010-06-21 Online:2010-11-25 Published:2011-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

构造作用形成的裂缝对碳酸盐岩岩溶储层的形成及改造至关重要。对大量的岩心、薄片、阴极发光、成像测井及测试资料的综合研究表明，塔北地区奥陶系灰岩段发育有3类成岩缝和3期构造（溶蚀）缝。3期构造缝对应3个构造旋回，分别为晚加里东—早海西期方解石及泥质充填的构造张裂缝、晚海西期—印支期方解石充填的共轭剪切缝以及燕山—喜山期半充填或未充填的剪性网状微—小缝。构造缝的形成直接促进了岩溶作用的发生，溶蚀缝往往改造前期的构造缝，虽发生时间稍有滞后，但仍属同期。各类裂缝的形成时间、规模、充填特征、成像测井特征及阴极发光性各异。构造缝、溶蚀缝控制了岩溶储层的发育和分布。裂缝自身溶蚀扩大或与溶蚀孔洞配置构成了油气储集的主要空间，也是提高碳酸盐岩储层储渗性能的重要因素之一。成岩缝张开度较小，水体的沟通、横向疏导作用有限，对加速岩溶作用的发生贡献有限。

关键词: 岩溶储层, 构造缝, 溶蚀缝, 成岩缝, 期次, 奥陶系, 塔北地区

Abstract:

Fractures created by tectonism are one of the most important elements for the formation and rebuilding of Ordovician carbonate karst reservoirs in the northern Tarim Basin. Based on a number of comprehensive studies on cores and thin sections by cathode luminescence, FMI and testing, at least three sorts of diagenetic fractures and three stages of structural and dissolved fractures were recognized in Ordovician limestones of the northern Tarim Basin. The three stages of structural fractures corresponded to three phases of tectonic cycles, i.e. the late Caledonian to early Hercynian structural tension fissure filled with calcite and argillaceous fillings, the late Hercynian to Indo-China conjugated shear fracture filled with calcite and the Yanshanian to Himalayan shear network micro-fracture half-filled or unfilled. The formation of structural fractures directly accelerated karstification, and the dissolved fracture commonly reworked the former structural fracture, which occurred a little bit later though they belong to the same stage. The formation time and scale for various fractures as well as their filling characters and characters of FMI and cathode luminescence were different. Structural fractures and dissolved fractures controlled the development and distribution of karst reservoirs. Various karst-fractured reservoirs made up of fractures that were dissolved and enlarged or linked with solution pores became the major space for oil-gas accumulations, thus, these fractures are one of the most important elements for the formation and rebuilding of the Ordovician marine carbonate reservoirs. While the diagenetic fracture, despite of accelerating kastification somewhat, might have made small contributions to karstification due to less splaying and restricted horizontal connections for subsurface fluid transportation.

Key words: karst reservoir, structural fracture, dissolved fracture, diagenetic fracture, period, Ordovician, northern Tarim Basin

倪新锋杨海军沈安江张丽娟乔占峰赵宽志韩利军. 塔北地区奥陶系灰岩段裂缝特征及其对岩溶储层的控制[J]. 石油学报, 2010, 31(6): 933-940.

NI Xinfeng YANG Haijun SHEN Anjiang ZHANG Lijuan QIAO Zhanfeng ZHAO Kuanzhi. Characteristics of Ordovician limestone fractures in the northern Tarim Basin and their controlling effects on karst reservoirs[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2010, 31(6): 933-940.

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塔北地区奥陶系灰岩段裂缝特征及其对岩溶储层的控制

Characteristics of Ordovician limestone fractures in the northern Tarim Basin and their controlling effects on karst reservoirs

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