塔河油田奥陶系古岩溶径流带缝洞化学充填物成因和分布

doi:10.7623/syxb201507003

石油学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 791-798,836.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201507003

塔河油田奥陶系古岩溶径流带缝洞化学充填物成因和分布

金强¹, 康逊¹, 田飞²

1. 中国石油大学地球科学与技术学院山东青岛 266580;
2. 中国科学院地质地球物理研究所北京 100029

收稿日期:2014-12-03 修回日期:2015-04-16 出版日期:2015-07-25 发布日期:2015-08-06
作者简介:金强,男,1956年5月生,1982年获华东石油学院学士学位,1994年获石油大学博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院教授,主要从事油气地质研究与教学工作。Email:jinqiang@upc.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目"碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏缝洞单元形成机制及模式研究"(2011CB201001)和中国石油化工股份有限公司科技项目"塔河油田缝洞成因机制与结构模式研究"(P11090)资助。

Genesis of chemical fillings in fracture-caves in paleo-karst runoff zone in Ordovician and their distributions in Tahe oilfield, Tarim Basin

Jin Qiang¹, Kang Xun¹, Tian Fei²

1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
2. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2014-12-03 Revised:2015-04-16 Online:2015-07-25 Published:2015-08-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

岩溶缝洞是塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集空间,其常被沉积、垮塌和化学充填物所充填,化学充填物由方解石和钙华组成,还有少量石膏、硫磺和萤石等,径流岩溶带化学充填物以方解石为主。通过岩心观察,采集了不同产状的方解石及奥陶系灰岩,进行了薄片、阴极发光、流体包裹体和微量元素等分析,发现溶洞充填的巨晶方解石与裂缝充填的粗晶方解石为热液成因,裂缝充填的细晶方解石为成岩胶结成因,溶洞充填砾岩的砾间方解石和钙华碎屑是成岩早期淀积形成的(埋藏期有少量改造);还发现裂缝充填细晶方解石与围岩具有亲缘关系、为其母液溶蚀了奥陶系灰岩再沉淀形成,巨晶方解石与深部热液物质相关、与围岩没有关系,钙华为地表水溶蚀产物。岩溶缝洞化学充填物成因研究有助于了解该类储层特征和演化。

关键词: 岩溶缝洞, 化学充填物, 热液成因巨晶方解石, 胶结成因细晶方解石, 钙华成因方解石, 塔河油田

Abstract:

Karst fractures and caves are the major reservoir spaces of Ordovician carbonate in Tahe oilfield, which are often filled with chemical, deposited, and collapsed fillings. Chemical fillings are mainly composed of calcite and travertine, as well as a small amount of gypsum, sulfur and fluorite, etc., but dominated by calcites in runoff zone. Through cores observation, the authors collected a series of calcites and Ordovician limestone with different occurrence, and then made analyses on thin sections, cathode luminescence, fluid inclusion and trace elements. It is found that megacrystal calcite filled in caves and coarse-crystalline calcite in fractures are formed by hydrothermal fluids, while fine-crystalline calcite in fractures is developed by diagenetic cementation. Besides, intergravel calcite and travertine debris in caves have been deposited in the early stage of diagenesis (slightly transformed during the burial period). It also has been found that the fine-crystalline calcite in fractures has a genetic relationship with surrounding rocks, which is reprecipitated after the corrosion of Ordovician limestone under the action of its mother liquor. Megacrystal calcite has certain relation with deep hydrothermal fluids rather than surrounding rocks, while travertine is a production of surface water dissolution. Genesis study of chemical fillings in fracture-caves contributes a lot to the understanding of reservoir characteristics and evolution.

Key words: karst fractures and caves, chemical fillings, megacrystal calcite formed by hydrothermal fluids, fine-crystalline calcite developed by cementation, calcite originated from travertine, Tahe oilfield

中图分类号:

TE122.14

金强, 康逊, 田飞. 塔河油田奥陶系古岩溶径流带缝洞化学充填物成因和分布[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(7): 791-798,836.

Jin Qiang, Kang Xun, Tian Fei. Genesis of chemical fillings in fracture-caves in paleo-karst runoff zone in Ordovician and their distributions in Tahe oilfield, Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(7): 791-798,836.

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塔河油田奥陶系古岩溶径流带缝洞化学充填物成因和分布

Genesis of chemical fillings in fracture-caves in paleo-karst runoff zone in Ordovician and their distributions in Tahe oilfield, Tarim Basin

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