考虑应力敏感的致密气多级压裂水平井试井分析

doi:10.7623/syxb201805008

石油学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 570-577.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201805008

考虑应力敏感的致密气多级压裂水平井试井分析

欧阳伟平^1,2, 孙贺东³, 张冕^1,2

1. 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司陕西西安 710018;
2. 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室陕西西安 710018;
3. 中国石油勘探开发研究院气田开发研究所河北廊坊 065007

收稿日期:2017-06-26 修回日期:2018-02-25 出版日期:2018-05-25 发布日期:2018-06-06
通讯作者: 孙贺东,男,1973年11月生,1997年获西安石油学院学士学位,2004年获西安交通大学博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院气田开发研究所高级工程师,主要从事气井试井分析及产能评价方面的研究。Email:sunhed@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:欧阳伟平,男,1986年10月生,2009年获中山大学学士学位,2014年获中国科学院力学研究所博士学位,现为中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司工程师,主要从事试井分析及储层动态评价方面的研究。Email:ouywp56@163.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项"致密砂岩气有效开发评价技术"（2011ZX05013-002）资助。

Well test analysis for multistage fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoir considering stress sensitivity

Ouyang Weiping^1,2, Sun Hedong³, Zhang Mian^1,2

1. Changqing Downhole Technology Company, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Shaanxi Xi'an 710018, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-permeability Oil and Gas Fields, Shaanxi Xi'an 710018, China;
3. Department of Gas Field Development, PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Hebei Langfang 065007, China

Received:2017-06-26 Revised:2018-02-25 Online:2018-05-25 Published:2018-06-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据致密气藏应力敏感实验数据和试井理论，建立了渗透率随有效应力呈幂律形式变化的多级压裂水平井三维数值试井模型。采用混合单元有限元方法对模型进行求解，得到了不同应力敏感条件下的试井理论曲线。研究了应力敏感不可逆性对试井曲线特征的影响，以及应力敏感系数、开关井次数及产量大小等因素对测试曲线形态的影响。研究结果表明，应力敏感不可逆性会造成储层渗透率的永久性伤害，应力敏感系数越大、开关井次数越多、产量越大对储层渗透率的伤害越大，其试井双对数曲线表现为压力及压力导数曲线上升，全历史压力曲线表现为压力下降幅度随开关井次数增加而增加。存在多次开关井的致密储层试井资料实例解释结果表明，若忽略应力敏感不可逆性的影响，会造成解释得到的原始储层渗透率偏小且全历史压力曲线后期很难拟合。

关键词: 应力敏感, 不可逆, 数值试井, 3D模型, 多级压裂水平井, 有限元, 开关井次数

Abstract:

Based on the stress-sensitive experimental data and well test theory of tight gas reservoirs, this study establishes a three-dimensional numerical well test model for multistage fractured horizontal wells, in which the permeability varies with effective stress in a power law model. Well test log-log type curves under different stress-sensitive conditions are obtained using the finite element method with hybrid elements for model solution. The influences of stress sensitive irreversibility on the characteristics of well test curves are studied as well as the effects of other factors, such as stress sensitivity coefficient, opening and closing times and flow rate on the test curve morphology. The results show that the irreversibility of stress sensitivity can cause permanent damages to formation permeability. The greater the stress sensitivity coefficient is, the more the opening and closing times are, the larger the flow rate is, the more damages to formation permeability will occur. The well test log-log type curve is manifested as a rising pressure and pressure derivative curve, respectively. The full-history pressure curve shows a pressure drop amplitude upgraded with the increase of opening and closing times. For wells in tight reservoir after multiple closing and opening, the test data interpretation results indicate that if the influence of stress-sensitive irreversibility is neglected, the permeability of original formation is small, difficult to match the full-history pressure curve.

Key words: stress sensitivity, irreversibility, numerical well test, 3D model, multistage fractured horizontal well, finite element method, well opening and closing times

中图分类号:

TE353.1

欧阳伟平, 孙贺东, 张冕. 考虑应力敏感的致密气多级压裂水平井试井分析[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(5): 570-577.

Ouyang Weiping, Sun Hedong, Zhang Mian. Well test analysis for multistage fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoir considering stress sensitivity[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(5): 570-577.

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考虑应力敏感的致密气多级压裂水平井试井分析

Well test analysis for multistage fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoir considering stress sensitivity

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