渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷构造演化及断裂带成因

doi:10.7623/syxb202005002

石油学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 526-539.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202005002

渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷构造演化及断裂带成因

马钰凯^1,2,3, 孙永河^1,2,3, 马妍^1,2,3, 姜文亚⁴, 孙旭¹

1. 东北石油大学地球科学学院黑龙江大庆 163318;
2. 东北石油大学"油气藏及地下储库完整性评价"黑龙江省重点实验室黑龙江大庆 163318;
3. 黑龙江省高等学校科技创新团队"断裂变形、封闭性及与流体运移" 黑龙江大庆 163318;
4. 中国石油大港油田公司勘探开发研究院天津 300280

收稿日期:2019-11-04 修回日期:2020-02-13 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-06-08
通讯作者: 马妍,女,1993年11月生,2015年获东北石油大学地球化学专业学士学位,2018年获中国石油大学(华东)地质资源与地质工程专业硕士学位,现为东北石油大学地球科学学院讲师,主要从事构造地质学、油气地球化学研究。Email:185060862@qq.com
作者简介:马钰凯,男,1995年1月生,2013年获东北石油大学勘查技术与工程专业学士学位,现为东北石油大学矿产普查与勘探专业硕士研究生,主要从事油区构造解析、含油气盆地断裂构造分析及控藏作用研究。Email:myk19950101@163.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05006-005-007）、黑龙江省自然科学基金项目（TD2019D001）和东北石油大学优秀中青年科研创新团队项目（KYCXTD201803）资助。

Tectonic evolution and genesis of fault zones in Q ikou sag, Bohai Bay Basin

Ma Yukai^1,2,3, Sun Yonghe^1,2,3, Ma Yan^1,2,3, Jiang Wenya⁴, Sun Xu¹

1. School of Earth Sciences, Northeast Petroleum University, Helongjiang Daqing 163318, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir and Underground Gas Storage Integrity Evaluation of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Petroleum University, Helongjiang Daqing 163318, China;
3. "Fault Deformation, Sealing and Fluid Migration" Science and Technology Innovation Team in Colleges and Universities of Helongjiang, Helongjiang Daqing 163318, China;
4. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company, Tianjin 300280, China

Received:2019-11-04 Revised:2020-02-13 Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-06-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以地震解释资料为基础，对渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷的构造演化及断裂带形成过程进行剖析，将歧口凹陷构造演化分为裂陷Ⅰ幕、裂陷Ⅱ幕和后裂陷期3个阶段。裂陷Ⅰ幕，歧口凹陷呈断陷结构，先存NNE向、NWW向断层发生斜向伸展，NE向断层为新生断层；裂陷Ⅱ幕，歧口凹陷呈断-坳结构，先存NNE向、NWW向、NE向断裂再活动，EW向断层为新生断层；后裂陷期，歧口凹陷呈坳陷结构，多期斜向伸展变形叠加形成现今不同类型的断裂带。断裂带可划分为5种类型：第1类多期伸展型断裂带由前古近系先存NNE向伸展断层叠加古近纪伸展变形而成；第2类变换-伸展型断裂带由前古近系先存NWW向变换断层叠加古近纪伸展变形而成；第3类单期伸展型断裂带由古近系伸展断层形成；第4类伸展-变换型断裂带由前古近系先存NNE向伸展断层叠加古近纪变换变形而成；第5类横向背斜型断裂带受新近系横向背斜控制而发育。在各演化阶段，主干断裂的分段生长特征及其与区域伸展应力方向的夹角共同控制了歧口凹陷中洼陷的形成、规模与迁移特征。歧口凹陷的构造演化对其烃源岩的发育、圈闭类型及油气运移有着重要影响。

关键词: 歧口凹陷, 构造演化, 斜向伸展, 断裂带, 叠加变形, 新生界构造

Abstract:

Based on seismic interpretation data, this paper performs an analysis on tectonic evolution and formation of fault zones in Qikou sag of Bohai Bay Basin, and divides tectonic evolution of Qikou sag into three stages: rifting episode I, rifting episode II and post-rifting episode. In the rifting episode I, Qikou sag showed a rift structure. The preexisting NNE- and NWW-trending faults extended obliquely, and the NE-trending faults were newborn faults. In the rifting episode II, Qikou sag had a fault-depression structure, and the preexisting NNE-, NWW- and NE-trending faults were reactivated, and the EW-trending faults were newborn faults. In the post-rifting episode, Qikou sag showed a depression structure, and different types of fault zones were formed by multiple phases of superimposed oblique extension and deformation. The fault zone can be divided into five types: the first type, i.e., multi-phase extending fault zone, is formed by the preexisting pre-Paleogene NNE-trending extensional faults superimposed with the Paleogene extensional deformation; the second type, i.e., transfer-extension fault zone, is formed by the preexisting pre-Paleogene NWW-trending transfer fault superimposed with the Paleogene extensional deformation; the third type, i.e., single-stage extensional fault zone, is formed by the Paleogene extensional fault; the fourth type, i.e., extension-transfer fault zone, is formed by the preexisting pre-Paleogene NNE-trending extensional fault superimposed with the Paleogene transfer deformation; the fifth type, i.e., transverse anticlinal fault zone, is developed under the control of the Neogene transverse anticlines. At each evolutionary stage, the formation, scale, and migration characteristics of subsags in Qikou sag were controlled by segmental growths of the main fault and its angle with the regional extension direction. The tectonic evolution of Qikou sag has an important influence on the development of source rocks, trap types, and hydrocarbon migration.

Key words: Qikou sag, tectonic evolution, oblique extension, fault zone, superimposed deformation, Cenozoic structure

中图分类号:

TE121.2

马钰凯, 孙永河, 马妍, 姜文亚, 孙旭. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷构造演化及断裂带成因[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(5): 526-539.

Ma Yukai, Sun Yonghe, Ma Yan, Jiang Wenya, Sun Xu. Tectonic evolution and genesis of fault zones in Q ikou sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(5): 526-539.

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渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷构造演化及断裂带成因

Tectonic evolution and genesis of fault zones in Q ikou sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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