关键词: 中国, 西北地区, 板块构造, 含油气盆地, 构造演化, 构造类型

Abstract: The tectonic framework in NW China resulted from the interplay among the Siberian,Khasakstan,Tarim,Tsaidam,north China,south China and north Tibet,etc.plates.The region underwent the formation of craton during Pre－Sinian,the spreading of "Limited ocean basin" in Early Paleozoic,the convergence and collision in Late Paleozoic and the inland adjustment and formation of mountains and basins from Mesozoic to Cenozoic.The basins occurring in such tectonic settings were went through extension,contraction and strike－slipping during many periods.They were chiefly characterized by four basic types such as basins developed on the intraplate crystalline basement,on the intraplate double basement,on the folded basement at plate margin and double basements at plate margin.According to the age and mechanics of the basins'formation,their tectonic types are further defined,and the prototype basins can be analyzed during different periods.They developed 14 kinds of proto－type basins in the area in all,which are aboundant in oil and gas,favorable for accumulations of oil and gas.However,they were extensively deformed during their late history.The cratonic basins and foreland basins are the main targets for petroleum exploration in NW China.

Key words: China, northwestern part, plate tectonics, petroliferous basin, tectonic evolution, tectonic type