琼东南盆地崖城区泄压带流体活动特征及成岩响应

doi:10.7623/syxb201610002

石油学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (10): 1216-1230.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201610002

琼东南盆地崖城区泄压带流体活动特征及成岩响应

苏奥^1,2, 陈红汉^1,3, 贺聪³, 翟普强⁴, 刘妍鷨¹, 雷明珠⁵

1. 中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室湖北武汉 430074;
2. 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司研究院河北涿州 072750;
3. 甘肃省油气资源研究重点实验室中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室甘肃兰州 730000;
4. 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司广东广州 510240;
5. 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司广东湛江 524057

收稿日期:2015-12-21 修回日期:2016-06-22 出版日期:2016-10-25 发布日期:2016-11-09
通讯作者: 陈红汉,男,1962年9月生,1985年获武汉地质学院学士学位,1995年获中国地质大学博士学位,现为中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院石油地质系教授、博士生导师,主要从事油气成藏过程研究和流体包裹体系统分析。Email:hhchen@cug.edu.cn
作者简介:苏奥,男,1989年12月生,2011年获中国地质大学(武汉)学士学位,2014年获中国地质大学(武汉)硕士学位,现为中国地质大学(武汉)博士研究生,主要从事盆地流体地质、油气成藏、有机地球化学和地震解释研究。Email:suao446@163.com
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项（2011ZX05023-004-010）资助。

The characteristic of fluid activities and diagenetic responses of the pressure discharging zone in Yacheng area, Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

Su Ao^1,2, Chen Honghan^1,3, He Cong³, Zhai Puqiang⁴, Liu Yanhua¹, Lei Mingzhu⁵

1. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resource of Educational Ministry, China University of Geosciences, Hubei Wuhan 430074, China;
2. Geophysical Research Institute, CNPC Geophysical Company Limited, Hebei Zhuozhou 072750, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources of Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Gansu Lanzhou 730000, China;
4. Shenzhen Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Guangdong Guangzhou 510240, China;
5. Zhanjiang Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Guangdong Zhanjiang 524057, China

Received:2015-12-21 Revised:2016-06-22 Online:2016-10-25 Published:2016-11-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于琼东南盆地西部崖城地区10余口钻井的实测钻井资料，以及流体包裹体、激光拉曼探针、古压力热动力学模拟、有机地球化学、阴极发光、铸体薄片和碳酸盐胶结物碳氧同位素组成等多项测试分析，剖析了超压顶界面分布以及附近的泄压带流体活动特征，同时揭示了流体活动造成泄压带岩场响应。研究区泄压带可能位于超压顶面附近地层；地层测试、泥浆密度、测井曲线和速度谱资料确定了崖城区现今超压顶面深度主要分布在3 000~4 000 m，而且由构造高部位向低部位加深；各井超压顶面附近的泄压影响范围不同，具体范围可由镜质体反射率R_o得到。现今超压顶面与古超压顶面（泄压流体排放期）深度变化较小。泄压带流体具有相对高温高压、含有酸性和烃类等特征，流体活动使得泄压带成岩场的温压条件和孔隙流体介质发生变化从而影响了水-岩作用；主要表现为：①泄压带地层的R_o和黏土矿物出现提前转变趋势；②有机质T_max异常小和S₁/（S₁+S₂）异常大；③泄压带储层发生的热流体酸性溶蚀导致次生孔隙带发育；④长石颗粒钠长石化，自生石英和碳酸盐胶结物异常发育，其为深部超压有机流体排放的产物。总之，研究区超压顶面附近的泄压带可能为天然气与优质储层及盖层耦合有利聚集带，是今后琼东南盆地天然气勘探的现实区域。

关键词: 泄压带, 流体活动, 成岩, 琼东南盆地, 崖城区

Abstract:

Based on the multiple tests and analysis results of more than ten wells in Yacheng, West Qiongdongnan Basin, including drilling and logging data, Laser Raman microprobe, thermodynamic modeling of paleopressures, organic geochemistry, cathodoluminescence, casting thin-section, the carbon-oxygen isotope composition of carbonate cements, etc., this paper analyzes in detail the distribution of the top of overpressure system and characteristic of fluid activity in the nearby discharging zone, and also reveals the diagenetic responses of pressure discharging zone caused by fluid activity. In the present study area, the pressure discharging zone is possibly located in formations around the top of overpressure system. Using the data of formation testing, mud density, well logging and velocity spectrum, it has been confirmed that the top of overpressure system is mainly located within the depth of 3 000-4 000 m beneath the earth and its depth increases from structural high to low position; the influential range of pressure discharging in each well around the top of overpressure zone is different, which can be obtained using vitrinite reflectance (R_o). It is indicated that the current top of overpressure system (in the pressure discharging and fluid draining period) has little difference in depth as compared with the top of paleo-overpressure system. The fluid in the discharging zone is characterized by relatively high temperature and pressure as well as the accumulation of acidic materials and hydrocarbons. The fluid activities cause changes in the temperature, pressure and pore fluid medium of diagenetic field in pressure discharging zone, thus exerting influences on water rock interaction. This phenomenon is specifically described as below:(1) The R_o and clay mineral show a transformation in advance; (2) The organic matter T_max is extremely small and S₁/(S₁+S₂)is extremely large; (3) The development of secondary porosity is resulted from hot fluid acidic dissolution in reservoirs of the discharging zone; (4) The albitization of feldspar particles as well as the abnormal development of authigenic quartz and calcite cement are caused by the discharging of deep overpressure organic fluid. In conclusion, the pressure discharging zone around the top of overpressure system may be favorable for gas accumulation, the formation of high-quality reservoirs and the coupling of cap rocks, which is the target zone for natural gas exploration in Qiongdongnan Basin from now on.

Key words: discharging zone, fluid activities, diagenesis, Qiongdongnan Basin, Yacheng area

中图分类号:

TE122.2

苏奥, 陈红汉, 贺聪, 翟普强, 刘妍鷨, 雷明珠. 琼东南盆地崖城区泄压带流体活动特征及成岩响应[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(10): 1216-1230.

Su Ao, Chen Honghan, He Cong, Zhai Puqiang, Liu Yanhua, Lei Mingzhu. The characteristic of fluid activities and diagenetic responses of the pressure discharging zone in Yacheng area, Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(10): 1216-1230.

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琼东南盆地崖城区泄压带流体活动特征及成岩响应

The characteristic of fluid activities and diagenetic responses of the pressure discharging zone in Yacheng area, Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

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