石油学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1278-1303.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202606012

• 综述 • 上一篇    

石油充注对储层成岩作用影响研究现状与展望

王艳忠1,2, 刘佳庚1,2, 林敉若1,2, 操应长1,2, 王淑萍3   

  1. 1. 中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院 山东青岛 266580;
    2. 中国石油大学(华东)深层油气全国重点实验室 山东青岛 266580;
    3. 中国石油大学(华东)石油工业训练中心 山东青岛 266580
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-03 修回日期:2025-12-16 发布日期:2026-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 王艳忠,男,1980年10月生,2010年获中国石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院教授,主要从事含油气盆地沉积学及储层地质学等方面的教学和科研工作。Email:wangyanzhong1980@163.com
  • 作者简介:王艳忠,男,1980年10月生,2010年获中国石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院教授,主要从事含油气盆地沉积学及储层地质学等方面的教学和科研工作。Email:wangyanzhong1980@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.42272165,No.42372157)和国家科技重大专项(2024ZD1400103)资助。

Research progress and perspectives of oil emplacement influence on reservoir diagenesis

Wang Yanzhong1,2, Liu Jiageng1,2, Lin Miruo1,2, Cao Yingchang1,2, Wang Shuping3   

  1. 1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(East China), Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum(East China), Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
    3. Petroleum Industry Training Center, China University of Petroleum(East China), Shandong Qingdao 266580, China
  • Received:2025-09-03 Revised:2025-12-16 Published:2026-07-02

摘要: 石油充注对成岩作用的影响备受关注且仍存有争议。通过系统总结目前石油充注对成岩作用影响的不同观点,阐述了相关研究方法及证据,探讨了需进一步研究的若干问题。学界对石油充注影响储层成岩作用的认识尚未统一,主流观点主要包括:①抑制胶结作用;②对胶结作用的影响程度微弱;③对胶结作用具有选择性抑制效应;④促进溶蚀作用局部发育;⑤抑制机械压实与压溶作用。在研究石油充注对成岩作用影响的过程中,需精确建立石油充注与成岩作用的时间序列关系,同时排除其他因素对成岩作用的影响,如埋藏前矿物组成的差异、成岩物质来源与其作用点位的多样性、矿物包膜的类型以及成岩环境变迁等。未来在相关研究中需重点关注以下研究方向:①确定各期次石油充注阶段油水的非均质分布;②在确定油水非均质分布基础上深入研究孔隙中的成岩作用机制;③重建各期次石油充注阶段的古含油饱和度;④精确分析埋藏成岩过程中岩石润湿性的非均质性与演化特征;⑤探究深层—超深层亚临界与超临界体系中地层水物理化学性质的变化及油水混溶度对成岩作用的影响。

关键词: 成岩作用, 石油充注, 润湿性的非均质性与演化, 油水非均质分布, 亚临界与超临界地层水

Abstract: The oil emplacement influence on diagenesis has garnered significant scholarly attention yet remains a subject of ongoing debate. By systematically synthesizing divergent perspectives on how oil emplacement influences diagenetic processes, this study elucidates relevant methodologies and empirical evidence while exploring critical issues for further investigation. Consensus regarding the effects of oil emplacement on reservoir diagenesis has yet to be reached. Primary academic viewpoints include: (1) inhibition of cementation, (2) negligible influence on cementation, (3) selective inhibition of cementation, (4) localized promotion of dissolution, and (5) suppression of mechanical compaction and pressure solution. In evaluating these impacts, it is imperative to precisely establish the chronological sequence between oil emplacement and diagenetic events. Concurrently, the confounding effects of other variables must be isolated, such as initial variations in pre-burial mineral composition, the diversity of diagenetic sources and reaction sites, the specific types of mineral coatings, and the evolution of diagenetic environment. Future research endeavors should prioritize the following directions: (1) determining the heterogeneous distribution of oil and water across distinct stages of oil emplacement; (2) conducting in-depth investig ations into pore-scale diagenetic mechanisms predicated on oil-water heterogeneity; (3) reconstructing paleo-oil saturation levels corresponding to each charging stage; (4) performing precise analyses of the heterogeneity and evolutionary characteristics of rock wettability during burial diagenesis; (5) exploring the variations in physicochemical properties of formation water and the impact of oil-water miscibility on dia genetic processes within deep to ultra-deep subcritical and supercritical systems.

Key words: diagenesis, oil emplacement, heterogeneity and evolution of wettability, heterogeneous distribution of oil and water, subcritical and supercritical formation water

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