松辽盆地西部斜坡油砂油地球化学及生物降解特征

doi:10.7623/syxb201903005

石油学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 308-321.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201903005

松辽盆地西部斜坡油砂油地球化学及生物降解特征

郝国丽¹, 单玄龙¹, 李锋^2,3, 仝立华^2,3, 刘轶松⁴, 王书琴⁴, 张家强^2,3, 赵成弼⁴

1. 吉林大学地球科学学院吉林长春 130061;
2. 中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心北京 100083;
3. 中国地质调查局非常规油气地质重点实验室北京 100083;
4. 中化地质矿山总局吉林地质勘查院吉林长春 130033

收稿日期:2017-07-06 修回日期:2018-12-31 出版日期:2019-03-25 发布日期:2019-03-29
通讯作者: 单玄龙,男,1969年2月生,1991年获长春地质学院学士学位,1998年获长春科技大学博士学位,现为吉林大学地球科学学院教授,主要从事非常规油气地质研究。Email:shanxl@jlu.edu.cn
作者简介:郝国丽,女,1982年1月生,2005年获吉林大学学士学位,2010年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为吉林大学地球科学学院讲师,主要从事石油与天然气成藏研究。Email:haoguoli@jlu.edu.cn
基金资助:
中国地质调查局"松辽、柴达木、二连等盆地油页岩油砂基础地质调查"项目（DD20160188）和吉林省科技发展计划项目（20140520147JH）资助

Characteristics of geochemistry and biodegradation for oil sand extracts in western slope of Songliao Basin

Hao Guoli¹, Shan Xuanlong¹, Li Feng^2,3, Tong Lihua^2,3, Liu Yisong⁴, Wang Shuqin⁴, Zhang Jiaqiang^2,3, Zhao Chengbi⁴

1. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Jilin Changchun 130061, China;
2. Oil & Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Unconventional Petroleum Geology, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China;
4. Jilin Geological Exploration Institute, China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau, Jilin Changchun 130033, China

Received:2017-07-06 Revised:2018-12-31 Online:2019-03-25 Published:2019-03-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

松辽盆地中央坳陷原油向盆地边缘运移过程中发生降解，在西部斜坡形成油砂矿藏，油砂油密度和黏度大、不流动。在运移方向上，套保-小太平山-西北沟-图牧吉地区的上白垩统姚家组油砂油随深度变浅饱和烃和芳香烃含量减少，非烃和沥青质含量增加，全油和饱和烃碳同位素变重，以上参数在小太平山单井样品中随深度变浅呈相反变化趋势。气相色谱质谱分析发现，油砂油降解级别为Wenger 2~8级，大多数样品饱和烃中正构烷烃和类异戊二烯烷烃缺失，藿烷部分降解，小太平山地区发现25-降藿烷；套保-图牧吉地区随深度逐渐变浅，生物降解程度逐渐增加，三环萜烷/五环三萜烷、C₂₇重排甾烷/规则甾烷、二苯并噻吩/菲等生物标志化合物参数均呈规律性变化。小太平山地区，25-降藿烷和其对应藿烷的质量分数、二者的比值，均反映出生物降解程度随深度变深而增加，藿烷抗降解能力随碳数的增加而增加，升藿烷22R构型抗降解能力大于22S构型。松辽盆地西部斜坡油砂油降解的规律是：由深部厌氧环境向地表喜氧环境运移的过程中，油砂油降解程度逐渐增大，单井样品中随深度和含水饱和度的增加降解程度逐渐增大。

关键词: 松辽盆地, 西部斜坡, 油砂, 地球化学, 25-降藿烷, 生物标志化合物, 生物降解

Abstract:

The degradation occurred to the crude oil in the migration process from central depression to the margin of Songliao Basin, thus forming the oil sand reservoir in the western slope, where the extracts of oil sand are non-liquid with high density and viscosity. In Taobao-Xiaotaipingshan-Xibeigou-Tumuji area along the migration direction, for the oil sand extracts in Upper Cretaceous Yaojia Formation, the content of saturated aromatic hydrocarbons decreases with the depth shallowing, the content of unsaturated asphaltene increases, the carbon isotopes of whole oil and saturated hydrocarbon become heavier. The parameters above present an opposite variation trend in the single-well samples of Xiaotaipingshan area. Based on GC-MS analysis, the degradation levels of oil sand extracts are Wenger 2-8, the n-alkanes and isoprenoid alkanes in saturated hydrocarbons of most samples are missing, hopanes are partially degraded, and 25-norhopanes are detected in Xiaotaipingshan area. With the decreasing of depth in Taobao-Tumuji area, the biodegradation levels increase gradually. Biomarkers parameters present regular variations, such as tricyclic terpane/pentacyclic triterpane, C₂₇diasteranes/regular sterane, dibenzothiophene/phenanthrene, and etc. In Xiaotaipingshan area, the mass fractions of 25-norhopanes and corresponding hopanes as well as their ratios present that the biodegradation levels increase with the increasing of depth, the degradation resistance of hopanes increase with the carbon number increasing, and 22R homohopanes have greater biodegradation resistance than 22S homohopanes. at the western slope of Songliao Basin, the degradation laws of oil sand extracts are as below: in the migration process from a deep anaerobic environment to a surface aerobic environment, the degradation level of oil sand extracts gradually increases with the increasing of depth and water saturation in the single-well sample.

Key words: Songliao Basin, western slope, oil sand, geochemistry, 25-norhopanes, biomarker, biodegradation

中图分类号:

TE122.1

郝国丽, 单玄龙, 李锋, 仝立华, 刘轶松, 王书琴, 张家强, 赵成弼. 松辽盆地西部斜坡油砂油地球化学及生物降解特征[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(3): 308-321.

Hao Guoli, Shan Xuanlong, Li Feng, Tong Lihua, Liu Yisong, Wang Shuqin, Zhang Jiaqiang, Zhao Chengbi. Characteristics of geochemistry and biodegradation for oil sand extracts in western slope of Songliao Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(3): 308-321.

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松辽盆地西部斜坡油砂油地球化学及生物降解特征

Characteristics of geochemistry and biodegradation for oil sand extracts in western slope of Songliao Basin

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