Abstract: The proposal of the Whole Petroleum System (WPS) theory has significantly enhanced the understanding of hydrocarbon accumulation theories, thus facilitating a series of major exploration breakthroughs in multiple basins in China. This study focuses on the hydrocarbon exploration and development in Junggar Basin, with an aim to further develop and refine the WPS theory and guide domestic and international oil and gas exploration and development. Initially, through analysis of new challenges posed by WPS to seismic exploration technology, the paper elaborates in detail on the research progress of seismic exploration technology and predicts its development trends. The research results show as follows. (1) The WPS theory poses three challenges to seismic exploration technology, i.e., achieving ultra-high shot and trace density acquisition and massive data processing, addressing the issue of coupling diverse target objects and multi-scale data, and enhancing seismic resolution and prediction accuracy. (2) During hydrocarbon exploration in Junggar Basin, four key technological breakthroughs have been achieved. Specifically, the seismic data acquisition technology has undergone a leap from conventional three-dimensional surveys to wide-band, wide-azimuth, and high-density nodal acquisition with high efficiency, the seismic data processing technology has further improved high-resolution, high-fidelity, and high-precision processing techniques, a basin-level high-precision seismic data platform has been established based on new seismic acquisition and processing technologies, and the progress in interpretation technologies such as discrete element numerical simulation, intelligent seismic facies characterization, multi-attribute interpretation of strike-slip faults, geological and engineering "sweet spot" reservoir prediction, and seismic-geological-engineering integration has provided new methods for studying the "tectonic system, sedimentary system, hydrocarbon transport system, accumulation system, and engineering support system" in WPS. (3) Three development trends in seismic technology for WPS exploration have been identified, i.e., seismic acquisition technology centered on ultra-high density, multi-wave and multi-component, seismic data processing technology promoted by the coordinated development of intelligent, high-performance computing and high-resolution imaging, and seismic interpretation technology with intelligent, quantitative, and dynamic characteristics.

Key words: Whole Petroleum System, hydrocarbon accumulation theory, Junggar Basin, seismic exploration technology, wide-band, wide-azimuth, high-density

摘要： 全油气系统地质理论的提出大力提升了油气成藏理论认识,助推中国多个盆地取得一系列重大勘探突破。为进一步发展和完善全油气系统地质理论,指导国内外油气勘探开发工作,以准噶尔盆地的勘探开发为例,从分析全油气系统对地震勘探技术提出的新挑战入手,详细阐述了地震勘探技术的研究进展,预测了地震勘探技术的发展趋势。研究结果表明：①全油气系统地质理论对地震勘探技术提出了3方面的挑战,即实现超高炮道密度采集与海量数据处理,面向多样性的目标对象与多尺度数据耦合的问题,以及提升更高的地震分辨率与预测精度；②在准噶尔盆地勘探实践过程中形成了4项重要进展,即地震资料采集技术实现了由常规三维向“两宽一高”(即宽频带、宽方位角、高密度)采集技术的“节点化、智能化及高效化”跨越式发展,地震资料处理技术实现了高分辨率、高保真、高精度处理技术的深化,基于地震采集和处理新技术实现了盆地级高精度地震数据平台的搭建,以及基于离散元数值模拟技术、地震相智能刻画技术、多属性走滑断裂融合解释技术、地质+工程“双甜点”储层预测技术和地震地质—工程一体化等解释技术的进步为全油气系统中的“构造体系、沉积体系、输导体系、聚集体系和工程支撑体系”研究提供了新方法；③明确了全油气系统地震勘探技术的3个发展趋势,即以超高密度与多波多分量为核心的地震采集技术,智能化、高性能计算和高分辨率成像协同发展的地震资料处理技术,以及智能化、定量化、动态化的地震解释技术。

关键词: 全油气系统, 成藏理论, 准噶尔盆地, 地震勘探技术, 宽频带, 宽方位角, 高密度