Abstract: The Whole Petroleum System (WPS) theory has broken through the traditional exploration theoretical framework, with "source-reservoir coupling and orderly accumulation" as its core concept. This theory has proven effective in guiding the coordinated exploration and development of both conventional and unconventional oil and gas resources in northern Xinjiang area of China. In this region, there are three sets of organic-rich source rocks, i.e., the Jurassic, Permian, and Carboniferous-Devonian source rocks, with a total resource of 25 billion tons oil equivalent. Under the guidance of this theory, major breakthroughs have been made in three-dimensional multi-layer exploration across Junggar Basin, Tuha Basin, and Santanghu Basin. Successive reserve discoveries of shale oil in Fengcheng Formation of Mahu sag and tight oil in Jimusaer sag have been achieved over 100 million tons in Junggar Basin. Hydrocarbon exploration in the Shiqiantan sag of Junggar Basin (Carboniferous marine residual strata), Taibei sag of Tuha Basin (Jurassic coal strata), and Tiaohu-Malang sags of Santanghu Basin (Permian strata) has systematically revealed the distribution patterns of various types of oil and gas reservoirs. These findings have enabled the successful, coordinated development of both conventional and unconventional resources. Research has shown that the oil and gas accumulation in northern Xinjiang area exhibits distinct spatial zoning patterns, forming a complete distribution sequence:in-source shale oil-gas in the center, tight oil-gas with variable saturations in the slope zones, and conventional reservoirs along the basin margins. The accumulation mechanism involves multiple dynamic processes, such as buoyancy-driven migration, self-containment effects, and pressure differentials between source and reservoir, demonstrating the dynamic evolution of WPS. Future research should focus on the development of unconventional in-source resources, achieve breakthroughs in key technologies for nano-scale reservoir stimulation, advance the study of dynamic mechanisms governing the whole process from hydrocarbon generation to reservoir formation and accumulation, and establish a comprehensive evaluation technology system for WPS. Exploration practices in northern Xinjiang area have demonstrated both the scientific validity and practical value of the WPS theory, while also offering an innovative paradigm for exploring geologically complex petroliferous basins, which is of strategic significance to national energy security.

Key words: Whole Petroleum System, northern Xinjiang area, Jurassic source rock, Permian source rock, Carboniferous source rock

摘要： 全油气系统理论突破了传统的勘探理论框架,以“源-储耦合、有序聚集”为核心内涵,有效指导了中国北疆地区常规与非常规油气的协同勘探实践。北疆地区发育侏罗系、二叠系、石炭系—泥盆系3套富有机质烃源岩,总资源量达250×10⁸t油当量。在全油气系统理论指导下,准噶尔盆地、吐哈盆地和三塘湖盆地实现了多层系立体勘探重大突破:准噶尔盆地相继发现玛湖凹陷风城组页岩油、吉木萨尔凹陷致密油-页岩油等亿吨级储量区;准噶尔盆地石钱滩凹陷石炭系海相残留地层、吐哈盆地台北凹陷侏罗系煤系以及三塘湖盆地条湖凹陷—马朗凹陷二叠系的勘探成果系统揭示了多类型油气藏的有序分布规律,成功实现了常规与非常规油气藏的协同开发。研究表明,北疆地区的油气成藏具有明显的空间分带特征,呈现源内页岩油气、斜坡区差异饱和度致密油气、盆地边缘常规油气的完整分布序列。其成藏机制涵盖浮力驱动、自封闭作用以及源-储压差等多重动力系统,充分体现了全油气系统的动态演化特征。未来的研究需聚焦源内非常规油气资源开发,突破纳米级储层改造关键技术,深化“成烃—成储—成藏”全过程的动态机理研究,构建完善的全油气系统综合评价技术体系。北疆地区的勘探实践不仅验证了全油气系统理论的科学性与实用性,更为复杂含油气盆地勘探提供了创新范式,对保障国家能源安全具有战略意义。

关键词: 全油气系统, 北疆地区, 侏罗系烃源岩, 二叠系烃源岩, 石炭系烃源岩