世界能源转型内涵、路径及其对碳中和的意义

doi:10.7623/syxb202102008

石油学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 233-247.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202102008

世界能源转型内涵、路径及其对碳中和的意义

邹才能, 何东博, 贾成业, 熊波, 赵群, 潘松圻

中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083

收稿日期:2020-11-09 修回日期:2021-01-08 出版日期:2021-02-25 发布日期:2021-02-07
通讯作者: 贾成业,男,1980年9月生,2003年获石油大学(华东)学士学位,2011年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事天然气综合地质与能源发展研究工作。Email:cyjia@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:邹才能,男,1963年9月生,1987年获西南石油学院学士学位,2004年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院副院长、中国科学院院士,主要从事非常规油气地质学、常规油气地质理论与实践、能源发展战略等研究工作。Email:zcn@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05015，2016ZX05047）资助。

Connotation and pathway of world energy transition and its significance for carbon neutral

Zou Caineng, He Dongbo, Jia Chengye, Xiong Bo, Zhao Qun, Pan Songqi

PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2020-11-09 Revised:2021-01-08 Online:2021-02-25 Published:2021-02-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

“绿色地球”是人类赖以生存和发展的共同家园，气候变化是全球工业化以来地球生态系统面临的严峻挑战，能源问题是人类社会的根本问题。能源转型是指人类利用能源从木柴到煤炭、从煤炭到油气、从油气到新能源、从有碳到无碳的发展趋势，是能源形态、能源技术、能源结构、能源管理等能源体系主体要素发生根本性转变的过程。以清洁、无碳、智能、高效为核心的“新能源”+“智能源”能源体系是世界能源转型的发展趋势与方向。世界能源转型具有两个驱动力和一个推动力，世界能源格局的空间、地域不均衡是内部驱动力，新能源竞争力逐渐上升是外部驱动力，以科学创新和技术进步为核心的科技革命是推动力。世界能源转型具有政治、技术、管理和商业4方面内涵，其中，以共商共议、全球协作机制为核心的政治协同是世界能源转型的政治内涵；从能源资源型向能源技术型转变是世界能源转型的技术内涵；智能源水平不断提升是世界能源转型的管理内涵；国际油公司向国际能源公司的商业模式转型是世界能源转型的商业内涵。世界能源转型路径要求国际社会通过政治协同、科技推动、管理驱动和商业带动，逐步实现化石能源的低碳化革命、新能源的低成本革命和能源管理的智慧化革命，促进世界一次能源消费结构从化石能源为主体转变为以非化石、清洁新能源为主体，推动人类社会能源生产与供给体系绿色、清洁、高效、安全发展，达到人类能源利用与地球碳循环系统“碳中和”，有效应对全球气候变化。世界能源转型是实现国家和区域能源安全的必然选择，是推动世界经济发展和经济增长的新动力，是重塑世界政治格局的新力量，是切实履行《巴黎协定》要求、实现能源利用“碳中和”目标、应对全球气候变化的有效举措。中国是世界最大的能源生产国、消费国和碳排放国，“二氧化碳排放力争2030年前达到峰值，努力争取2060年前实现碳中和”发展目标的提出，将推动中国化石能源向新能源加快转型，实现“能源革命”，保障能源供给安全，推动人类社会与自然环境和谐发展。

关键词: 能源转型, 碳中和, 智能源, 新能源, CO₂埋存, CO₂驱油, 巴黎协定, 能源独立

Abstract:

Green Earth is common homeland for human survival and development. Climate change has been a severe challenge to the earth's ecosystem since the global industrialization. Energy is the fundamental issue of human society. World energy transition is defined as the development trend of human energy utilization from firewood to coal, coal to oil and gas, oil and gas to new energy, and from carbon energy to carbon free energy and the process of fundamental transition for main energy factors including energy form, energy technology, energy mix and energy management.Energy system consisted with "New energy"+"Smart energy" and characterized with clean, carbon free, intelligent and efficient as the core is the development trend and direction of world energy transition. The world energy transition has "two driving forces and one pushing force", that is, the internal driving force is the spatial and regional imbalance of the world energy pattern, the external driving force is the gradual rise of new energy competitiveness, and the pushing force is the scientific and industrial revolution with the core of scientific innovation and technological progress. World energy transition has four connotations:politics, technology, management and commerce. The political synergy with the core of consultation and global cooperation mechanism is the political connotation of world energy transition; the transformation from resource-based to technology-based energy system is the technical connotation of world energy transition; the continuous improvement of intelligent level is the management connotation of world energy transition; the transformation from international oil companies to international energy companies, the business model transformation is the business connotation of the world energy transition. The pathway of world energy transition is that the international community gradually realizing the low-carbon revolution of fossil energy, the low-cost revolution of new energy and the intelligent revolution of energy management through political coordination, science and technology promotion, management driving and business pushing, promoting the transformation of the world primary energy consumption structure from fossil energy to non-fossil, clean new energy, and promoting the energy production and supply system to green, clean, efficient and safe, achieving "carbon neutral" between human energy utilization and the earth's carbon cycle system, and effectively coping with global climate change. World energy transition is an inevitable choice to achieve national and regional energy security, a new driving force to promote world economic development and economic growth, a new driving force for world GDP growth, a new force to reshape the world political pattern, an effective measure to fulfill the requirements of the Paris Agreement, achieve the goal of "carbon neutrality"in energy utilization, and cope with global climate change.China is the world's largest energy producer, consumer and carbon emitter. The proposal of development goal of "striving to reach carbon dioxide emissions at peak by 2030, and striving to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060" will accelerate the transition for fossil energy to new energy, realize the "energy revolution", ensure the security of energy supply, and promote the harmonious development of human society and the natural environment in China.

Key words: energy transition, carbon neutral, intelligent energy, new energy, CO₂ storage, CO₂ utilization, Paris Agreement, energy independence

中图分类号:

TE09

邹才能, 何东博, 贾成业, 熊波, 赵群, 潘松圻. 世界能源转型内涵、路径及其对碳中和的意义[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(2): 233-247.

Zou Caineng, He Dongbo, Jia Chengye, Xiong Bo, Zhao Qun, Pan Songqi. Connotation and pathway of world energy transition and its significance for carbon neutral[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(2): 233-247.

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世界能源转型内涵、路径及其对碳中和的意义

Connotation and pathway of world energy transition and its significance for carbon neutral

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