塔里木盆地西南缘古老层系巨厚黑色泥岩的发现及勘探意义

doi:10.7623/syxb201712001

石油学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (12): 1335-1342,1370.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201712001

• 地质勘探 • 下一篇

塔里木盆地西南缘古老层系巨厚黑色泥岩的发现及勘探意义

朱光有, 杜德道, 陈玮岩, 孙琦森, 李婷婷, 张志遥, 陈志勇

中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083

收稿日期:2017-11-12 出版日期:2017-12-25 发布日期:2018-01-05
通讯作者: 朱光有,男,1973年11月生,1998年获石油大学(华东)学士学位,2003年获中国石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院二级专家,主要从事深层油气地质与成藏研究。Email:zhuguangyou@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:朱光有,男,1973年11月生,1998年获石油大学(华东)学士学位,2003年获中国石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院二级专家,主要从事深层油气地质与成藏研究。Email:zhuguangyou@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项"塔里木盆地奥陶系—前寒武系碳酸盐岩油气资源潜力及目标优选"（2016ZX05004-004）和中国石油天然气股份有限公司项目"塔里木盆地震旦系—寒武系油气地质综合研究及接替领域优选和风险目标评价"资助。

The discovery and exploration significance of the old thick black mudstones in the southwest margin of Tarim Basin

Zhu Guangyou, Du Dedao, Chen Weiyan, Sun Qisen, Li Tingting, Zhang Zhiyao, Chen Zhiyong

PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2017-11-12 Online:2017-12-25 Published:2018-01-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

前寒武系是全球一个重要的含油气层系。塔里木盆地该层系埋深大，一直未取得勘探突破，是否发育优质烃源岩也不确定。塔里木盆地西南部及昆仑山前十余万平方公里范围内，已钻探30多口探井，虽然发现了和田河、巴什托普、玉北、罗斯2等海相油气田，但始终未钻遇寒武系或奥陶系烃源岩，其油气来源也存在争议。近期笔者在盆地西南部踏勘中，发现一套巨厚的黑色页岩和泥岩，出露较好。实测泥页岩厚度大于140 m （未见顶，花岗岩体侵位），有机碳含量（TOC）主要分布在0.6%~1.9%，83块样品平均TOC为1.0%。最高热解温度T_max主要分布在490~520℃，相当于R_o在1.9%~2.9%。泥岩层中黄铁矿十分富集。根据地层接触关系及同位素定年，该地层年龄可能大于517 Ma，准确定年目前正在进行，因此暂且命名为"西昆仑黑色岩系"。通过板块构造分析，这套厚层泥岩可能在塔里木盆地西南部广泛分布，其形成有可能受裂陷槽的控制。这套黑色泥岩很可能是塔西南地区重要的烃源岩，提出塔里木盆地前寒武系—寒武系具备油气成藏的地质条件，该发现必将推动塔里木盆地向深层—超深层以及古老层系开展油气勘探工作。

关键词: 西昆仑黑色岩系, 优质烃源岩, 古老层系, 深层, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

Precambrian is an important petroliferous strata in the world wide,but no breakthrough has been achieved in exploring the Precambrian strata of Tarim Basin due to huge depth,and the existence of high-quality source rocks remains uncertain. At present,more than thirty exploratory wells have been deployed within the southwest Tarim Basin and the pediment region of Kunlun Mountains with a total area exceeding 100 000 km². Despite the discoveries of some marine hydrocarbon fields including Hetianhe,Bashituopu,Yubei and Luosi 2,the Cambrian or Ordovician source rocks are never encountered,and there is also a dispute on the hydrocarbon source. Recently,a set of black shales and mudstones with huge thickness has been found with favorable outcrops in the exploration of southwest Tarim Basin. The total thickness of mudstones is measured to be more than 140 m (the top is not seen and penetrated by granite),and the TOC (total organic carbon)mainly varies in a range of 0.6% -1.9%,and an average of 1.0% is obtained based on the results of 83 samples. T_max (maximum pyrolytic temperature)is mainly distributed within 490℃-520℃,equivalent to the R_o of 1.9%-2.9%. Pyrites are very rich in mudstone beds. According to the contact relationship of different members and isotopic chronology,the age of these strata may be determined greater than 517 Ma,primarily considered as Sinian or Nanhua system and temporarily named the "Western Kunlun black rock series". The plate tectonic analysis results show that this set of thick black mudstones is possibly distributed widely in the southwest Tarim Basin,may be controlled by rifting troughs. Thus,this set of black mudstones may be the significant source rocks in the southwest Tarim Basin,indicating the geological conditions for hydrocarbon accumulations in the Precambrian-Cambrian strata. This discovery will definitely promote the hydrocarbon explorations in the deep and ultra-deep strata of the Tarim Basin.

Key words: Western Kunlun black rock series, high-quality source rocks, old system, deep strata, Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.14

朱光有, 杜德道, 陈玮岩, 孙琦森, 李婷婷, 张志遥, 陈志勇. 塔里木盆地西南缘古老层系巨厚黑色泥岩的发现及勘探意义[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(12): 1335-1342,1370.

Zhu Guangyou, Du Dedao, Chen Weiyan, Sun Qisen, Li Tingting, Zhang Zhiyao, Chen Zhiyong. The discovery and exploration significance of the old thick black mudstones in the southwest margin of Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(12): 1335-1342,1370.

参考文献

[1] 王铁冠,韩克猷. 论中-新元古界的原生油气资源[J].石油学报,2011,32(1):1-7.
WANG Tieguan,HAN Keyou.On Meso-Neoproterozoic primary petroleum resources[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(1):1-7.
[2] ZHAO Guochun,GUO Jinghui.Precambrian geology of China:preface[J].Precambrian Research,2012,222-223:1-12.
[3] ZHAO Guochun,CAWOOD P A.Precambrian geology of China[J].Precambrian Research,2012,222-223:13-54.
[4] ZHANG Shuichang,WANG Xiaomei,HAMMARLUND E U,et al.Orbital forcing of climate 1.4 billion years ago[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2015,112(12):E1406-E1413.
[5] 朱光有,张水昌.中国深层油气成藏条件与勘探潜力[J].石油学报,2009,30(6):793-802.
ZHU Guangyou,ZHANG Shuichang.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and exploration potential of deep reservoirs in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(6):793-802.
[6] 赵文智,魏国齐,杨威,等.四川盆地万源-达州克拉通内裂陷的发现及勘探意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(5):659-669.
ZHAO Wenzhi,WEI Guoqi,YANG Wei,et al.Discovery of Wanyuan-Dazhou Intracratonic Rift and its exploration significance in the Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(5):659-669.
[7] 吴林,管树巍,任荣,等.前寒武纪沉积盆地发育特征与深层烃源岩分布——以塔里木新元古代盆地与下寒武统烃源岩为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(6):905-915.
WU Lin,GUAN Shuwei,REN Rong,et al.The characteristics of Precambrian sedimentary basin and the distribution of deep source rock:a case study of Tarim basin in Neoproterozoic and source rocks in early Cambrian,Western China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(6):905-915.
[8] 吴林,管树巍,杨海军,等.塔里木北部新元古代裂谷盆地古地理格局与油气勘探潜力[J].石油学报,2017,38(4):375-385.
WU Lin,GUAN Shuwei,YANG Haijun,et al.The paleogeographic framework and hydrocarbon exploration potential of Neoproterozoic rift basin in northern Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(4):375-385.
[9] 任荣,管树巍,吴林,等.塔里木新元古代裂谷盆地南北分异及油气勘探启示[J].石油学报,2017,38(3):255-266.
REN Rong,GUAN Shuwei,WU Lin,et al.The north-south differentiation characteristic and its enlightenment on oil-gas exploration of the Neoproterozoic rift basin,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(3):255-266.
[10] 管树巍,吴林,任荣,等.中国主要克拉通前寒武纪裂谷分布与油气勘探前景[J].石油学报,2017,38(1):9-22.
GUAN Shuwei,WU Lin,REN Rong,et al.Distribution and petroleum prospect of Precambrian rifts in the main cratons,China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(1):9-22.
[11] ZHU Guangyou,REN Rong,CHEN Feiran,et al.Neoproterozoic rift basins and their control on the development of hydrocarbon source rocks in the Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2017,150:63-72.
[12] WU Guanghui,XIAO Yang,BONIN B,et al.Ca.850 Ma magmatic events in the Tarim Craton:age,geochemistry and implications for assembly of Rodinia supercontinent[J].Precambrian Research,doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2017.10.020.
[13] MURRAY G E,KACZOR M J,MCARTHUR R E.Indigenous Precambrian petroleum revisited[J].AAPG Bulletin,1980,64(10):1681-1700.
[14] KLEMME H D,ULMISHEK G F.Effective petroleum source rocks of the world:stratigraphic distribution and controlling depositional factors[J].AAPG Bulletin,1991,75(12):1809-1851.
[15] BAZHENOVA O K,APEFYEV O A.Genetic features of upper Proterozoic oils[J].Transaction (Doklady)of the Russian Academy of Science Sections,1996,339(9):133-139.
[16] GALUSHKIN Y I,YAKOVLEV G E,KUPRIN V F.Catagenesis of riphean and vendian deposits in western bashkortostan and realization of the hydrocarbon potential of their organic matter:numerical estimates[J].Geochemistry International,2004,42(1):67-76.
[17] DUTKIEWICZ A,VOLK H,RIDLEY J,et al.Geochemistry of oil in fluid inclusions in a middle Proterozoic igneous intrusion:implications for the source of hydrocarbons in crystalline rocks[J].Organic Geochemistry,2004,35(8):937-957.
[18] KONTOROVICH A E,KASHIRTSEV V A,MELENEVSKⅡ V H,et al.Composition of biomarker-hydrocarbons in genetic families of Precambrian and Cambrian oils of the Siberian platform[J].Doklady Earth Sciences,2005,403(5):715-718.
[19] KAUFMAN A J,KNOLL A H.Neoproterozoic variations in the C-isotopic composition of seawater:stratigraphic and biogeochemical implications[J].Precambrian Research,1995,73(1/4):27-49.
[20] 魏国齐,沈平,杨威,等.四川盆地震旦系大气田形成条件与勘探远景区[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(2):129-138.
WEI Guoqi,SHEN Ping,YANG Wei,et al.Formation conditions and exploration prospects of Sinian large gas fields,Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(2):129-138.
[21] 邹才能,杜金虎,徐春春,等.四川盆地震旦系-寒武系特大型气田形成分布、资源潜力及勘探发现[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(3):278-293.
ZOU Caineng,DU Jinhu,XU Chunchun,et al.Formation,distribution,resource potential and discovery of the Sinian-Cambrian giant gas field,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(3):278-293.
[22] 杜金虎,汪泽成,邹才能,等.上扬子克拉通内裂陷的发现及对安岳特大型气田形成的控制作用[J].石油学报,2016,37(1):1-16.
DU Jinhu,WANG Zecheng,ZOU Caineng,et al.Discovery of intra-cratonic rift in the Upper Yangtze and its control effect on the formation of Anyue giant gas field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(1):1-16.
[23] ZHU Guangyou,WANG Tongshan,XIE Zengye,et al.Giant gas discovery in the Precambrian deeply buried reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin,China:implications for gas exploration in old cratonic basins[J].Precambrian Research,2015,262:45-66.
[24] WANG Zhaoming,SU Jin,ZHU Guangyou,et al.Characteristics and accumulation mechanism of quasi-layered Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Energy Exploration & Exploitation,2013,31(4):545-567.
[25] YANG Haijun,ZHU Guangyou,WANG Yu,et al.The geological characteristics of reservoirs and major controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Ordovician of Tazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Energy Exploration & Exploitation,2014,32(2):345-368.
[26] 朱光有,杨海军,苏劲,等.中国海相油气地质理论新进展[J].岩石学报,2012,28(3):722-738.
ZHU Guangyou,YANG Haijun,SU Jin,et al.New progress of marine hydrocarbon geological theory in China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(3):722-738.
[27] 朱光有,刘星旺,朱永峰,等.塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区复杂油气藏特征及其成藏机制[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2013,32(2):231-242.
ZHU Guangyou,LIU Xingwang,ZHU Yongfeng,et al.The Characteristics and the accumulation mechanism of complex reservoirs in the Hanilcatam Area,Tarim Basin[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2013,32(2):231-242.
[28] 韩剑发,孙崇浩,王振宇,等.塔中隆起碳酸盐岩叠合复合岩溶模式与油气勘探[J].地球科学,2017,42(3):410-420.
HAN Jianfa,SUN Chonghao,WANG Zhenyu,et al.Superimposed compound karst model and oil and gas exploration of carbonate in Tazhong Uplift[J].Earth Science,2017,42(3):410-420.
[29] 杜金虎,潘文庆.塔里木盆地寒武系盐下白云岩油气成藏条件与勘探方向[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(3):327-339.
DU Jinhu,PAN Wenqing.Accumulation conditions and play targets of oil and gas in the Cambrian subsalt dolomite,Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(3):327-339.
[30] 孙崇浩,朱光有,郑多明,等.塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区超深碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集层特征与控制因素[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2016,35(5):1028-1036.
SUN Chonghao,ZHU Guangyou,ZHENG Duoming,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs in the Halahatang Area,Tarim Basin[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2016,35(5):1028-1036.
[31] 张丽娟,范秋海,朱永峰,等.塔北哈6区块奥陶系油藏地质与成藏特征[J].石油地质,2013,18(2):7-12.
ZHANG Lijuan,FAN Qiuhai,ZHU Yongfeng,et al.Geological and accumulations characteristics of Ordovician oil reservoir in Ha 6 block of Tabei[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2013,18(2):7-12.
[32] 张保涛,于炳松,朱光有,等.塔中北斜坡富油气区油气分布规律与富集主控因素研究[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):271-280.
ZHANG Baotao,YU Bingsong,ZHU Guangyou,et al.Research on hydrocarbon distribution regularity and main accumulation controlling factors of Tazhong northern slope hydrocarbon-rich region[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(1):271-280.
[33] ZHU Guangyou,MILKOV A V,CHEN Feiran,et al.Non-cracked oil in ultra-deep high-temperature reservoirs in the Tarim basin,China[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2017,doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018,89:252-262.
[34] ZHU Guangyou,ZHANG Shuichang,SU Jin,et al.The occurrence of ultra-deep heavy oils in the Tabei uplift of the Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Organic Geochemistry,2012,52:88-102.
[35] 朱光有,杨海军,苏劲,等.塔里木盆地海相石油的真实勘探潜力[J].岩石学报,2012,28(4):1333-1347. ZHU Guangyou,YANG Haijun,SU Jin,et al.True exploration potential of marine oils in the Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(3):1333-1347.
[36] 王招明,谢会文,陈永权,等.塔里木盆地中深1井寒武系盐下白云岩原生油气藏的发现与勘探意义[J].中国石油勘探, 2014,19(2):1-13. WANG Zhaoming,XIE Huiwen,CHEN Yongquan,et al.Discovery and exploration of cambrian subsalt dolomite original hydrocarbon reservoir at Zhongshen-1 well in Tarim Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(2):1-13.
[37] ZHU Guangyou,HUANG Haiping,WANG Huitong.Geochemical significance of discovery in Cambrian reservoirs at Well ZS1 of the Tarim Basin,northwest China[J].Energy & Fuels,2015,29(3):1332-1344.
[38] ZHU Guangyou,WANG Huitong,WENG Na.TSR-altered oil with high-abundance thiaadamantanes of a deep-buried Cambrian gas condensate reservoir in Tarim Basin[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2016,69:1-12.
[39] CAI Chunfang,XIAO Qilin,FANG Chenchen,et al.The effect of thermochemical sulfate reduction on formation and isomerization of thiadiamondoids and diamondoids in the Lower Paleozoic petroleum pools of the Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Organic Geochemistry,2016,101:49-62.
[40] 戴金星,陈践发,钟宁宁,等.中国大气田及其气源[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:1-199.
DAI Jinxing,CHEN Jianfa,ZHONG Ningning,et al.Large gas fields in China and their gas sources[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003:1-199.
[41] 朱光有,陈斐然,陈志勇,等.塔里木盆地寒武系玉尔吐斯组优质烃源岩的发现及其基本特征[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(1):8-21.
ZHU Guangyou,CHEN Feiran,CHEN Zhiyong,et al.Discovery and basic characteristics of the high-quality source rocks of the Cambrian Yuertusi Formation in Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(1):8-21.
[42] ZHU Guangyou,CHEN Feiran,WANG Meng,et al.Discovery of the Lower Cambrian high-quality source rocks and deep oil and gas exploration potential in the Tarim Basin,China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2018,待刊.
[43] LU Songnian,LI Huaikun,ZHANG Chuanlin,et al.Geological and geochronological evidence for the Precambrian evolution of the Tarim Craton and surrounding continental fragments[J].Precambrian Research,2008,160(1/2):94-107.
[44] 王元龙,王中刚,李向东,等.西昆仑加里东期花岗岩带的地质特征[J].矿物学报,1996,15(4):457-461.
WANG Yuanlong,WANG Zhonggang,LI Xiangdong,et al.Geologica features of the Caledonian granite zone in the West Kunlun area[J].Acta Mineralogica Sincia,1996,15(4):457-461.
[45] YUAN Chao.Magmatism and tectonic evolution of the West Kunlun Mountains[D].Hong Kong,China:The University of Hong Kong,1999:1-230.
[46] 周辉,袁超.西昆仑库地早古生代岩浆岩的物源与热源[J].新疆地质,2003,21(1):65-68.
ZHOU Hui,YUAN Chao.Material and heat sources of the early Paleozoic magmatic rocks in Kuda,West Kunlun[J].Xinjiang Geology,2003,21(1):65-68.
[47] 毕华,王中刚,王元龙,等.西昆仑造山带构造-岩浆演化史[J].中国科学(D辑),1999,29(5):398-406.
BI Hua,WANG Zhonggang,WANG Yuanlong,et al.History of tectono-magmatic evolution in the Western Kunlun Orogen[J].Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,1999,42(6):604-619.

塔里木盆地西南缘古老层系巨厚黑色泥岩的发现及勘探意义

The discovery and exploration significance of the old thick black mudstones in the southwest margin of Tarim Basin

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	张友, 李强, 郑兴平, 厉玉乐, 沈安江, 朱茂, 熊冉, 朱可丹, 王显东, 齐井顺, 张君龙, 邵冠铭, 佘敏, 宋叙, 孙海航. 塔里木盆地东部古城—肖塘地区寒武纪—奥陶纪台地类型、演化过程及有利储集相带[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(4): 447-465.
[2]	张兴文, 庞雄奇, 李才俊, 于吉旺, 汪文洋, 肖惠译, 李昌荣, 余季陶. 深层—超深层高孔高渗碎屑岩油气藏地质特征、形成条件及成藏模式——以墨西哥湾盆地为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(4): 466-480.
[3]	刘春, 陈世加, 赵继龙, 陈戈, 苏洲, 高乔. 远源油气成藏条件与富集主控因素——以库车坳陷南部斜坡带中生界-新生界油气藏为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(3): 307-318.
[4]	杨海军, 李勇, 唐雁刚, 雷刚林, 周鹏, 周露, 许安明, 郇志鹏, 朱文慧, 陈维力, 胡春雷, 杨敬博. 塔里木盆地克深气田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(3): 399-414.
[5]	何治亮, 聂海宽, 胡东风, 蒋廷学, 王濡岳, 张钰莹, 张光荣, 卢志远. 深层页岩气有效开发中的地质问题——以四川盆地及其周缘五峰组—龙马溪组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(4): 379-391.
[6]	刘宝增, 漆立新, 李宗杰, 刘军, 黄超, 杨林, 马灵伟, 龚伟. 顺北地区超深层断溶体储层空间雕刻及量化描述技术[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(4): 412-420.
[7]	张月, 韩登林, 杨铖晔, 袁瑞, 王晨晨, 张娟. 超深层碎屑岩储层裂缝充填流体迁移规律——以库车坳陷克深井区白垩系巴什基奇克组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(3): 292-300.
[8]	程洪, 汪彦, 鲁新便. 塔河地区深层碳酸盐岩断溶体圈闭类型及特征[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(3): 301-309.
[9]	易士威, 李明鹏, 郭绪杰, 范土芝, 杨帆, 方辉, 缪卫东, 林世国, 高阳, 李德江. 塔里木盆地南华纪古裂谷对寒武系沉积的控制及勘探意义[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(11): 1293-1308.
[10]	张荣虎, 曾庆鲁, 王珂, 王俊鹏, 孟广仁, 李娴静. 储层构造动力成岩作用理论技术新进展与超深层油气勘探地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(10): 1278-1292.
[11]	赵坤, 李婷婷, 朱光有, 张志遥, 李婧菲, 王鹏举, 闫慧慧, 陈永进. 下寒武统优质烃源岩的地球化学特征与形成机制——以鄂西地区天柱山剖面为例[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(1): 13-26.
[12]	蔡忠贤, 张恒, 漆立新, 云露, 曹自成, 沙旭光. 塔里木盆地中—下奥陶统岩溶水文地貌结构类型及特征[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(1): 43-58.
[13]	张功成, 田兵, 谢晓军, 李建平, 蔡露露, 熊连桥, 孙瑞, 张东昱甫. 深层优质碎屑岩储层全生命周期分析方法论[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(S2): 13-28.
[14]	郭彤楼. 元坝气田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(6): 748-760.
[15]	郭秋麟, 武娜, 闫伟, 陈宁生. 深层天然气资源评价方法[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(4): 383-394.