关键词: 中—深层, 深水, 宽频地震, 鬼波, 反演, 瞬时相位梯度, 属性分析

Abstract: A breakthrough has been made in the acquisition and processing technology of marine broadband seismic data, greatly expanding the frequency range of seismic data. However, as influenced by the propagation laws of seismic wave fields and the absorption of strata, there are significant differences in the spectral characteristics of broadband seismic data between shallow and middle to deep layers. Especially, broadband seismic data indicate a dominant low-frequency feature in mid deep layers, and there are significant differences in events of seismic reflection and the conventional seismic data collected by horizontal streamers. Therefore, great challenges have been faced by the seismic inversion and interpretation techniques based on traditional seismic amplitude information. The paper first summarizes the current status of marine broadband seismic data acquisition and processing technology. Based on the large amount of data collected in deep water areas in China, it analyzes the wavelet and spectral characteristics of current deep-water broadband seismic data. It is proposed that inversion, attribute analysis, and sequence interpretation techniques should be adopted according to the characteristics of broadband seismic data at different buried depth and the requirements for targeted research, so as to fully utilize the advantages of broadband data. Moreover, based on the actual application cases of target areas as well as real achievements, the future development directions of marine broadband seismic exploration technology have been prospected.

Key words: middle to deep layers, deep-water, broadband seismic, ghost wave, inversion, instantaneous phase gradient, attribute analysis